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Capaz de se projetar no tempo, a pessoa maior de 80 anos defronta-se com uma série de
fatores de risco multidimensionais, potenciados pela vivencia em solitude e que a deixam
mais vulnerável, a cenários de sofrimento. Este quadro constitui-se causa de grande
preocupação social, política, de saúde e das ciências em geral. Neste sentido, tentamos
responder à questão de investigação “Qual a relação entre solitude e sofrimento das pessoas
maiores de 80 anos?”, com o objetivo de compreender como é experienciado o sofrimento
das pessoas maiores de 80 anos, que vivem em solitude, de forma a podermos contribuir para
a conceção de projetos de intervenção que visem minimizar o sofrimento vivido.
Trata-se de um estudo fenomenológico-hermenêutico. Participaram 31 pessoas com mais de
80 anos que vivem sós, no Alto-Minho. Na recolha de dados recorremos a: entrevista, notas
de campo, questionário sociodemográfico, WHOQOL-BREF; MEEM. Foi realizada análise
dos significados da informação recolhida e estatística descritiva de outros dados. Os
princípios éticos foram respeitados.
Verificámos, que a solitude da pessoa idosa é resultado do modo individual de viver que está
relacionada com o efeito acumulado de eventos demográficos, socioeconómicos e de saúde
ocorridos ao longo do ciclo vital. Constatámos que, no estar só, para além da diversidade de
perdas, a solidão emerge como algo inevitável e causa de sofrimento experienciado de
diferentes modos. Este sofrimento surge como ameaça à integridade da pessoa, decorrente
de uma multiplicidade de circunstâncias, o que evidencia ser um processo complexo devido
ao incremento significativo dos valores, vivências, recursos e crenças.
Para alívio deste sofrimento as estratégias adotadas centram nos seguintes eixos: vivência
espiritual; preservação da dignidade; manutenção da atividade; abertura à relação
interpessoal, construir o projeto de vida, aceitação, manter a esperança.
Concluindo, a pessoa com mais de 80 anos tem a sua vida marcada por diversas perdas, que
levam à solitude e por isso causam sofrimento que procura vencer encontrando harmonia
consigo próprio. Durante o seu percurso pela vida, a procura do propósito de viver é para
elas um imperativo, de forma a quebrar muros de silêncio e evitar a morte antecipada.
Estas conclusões exigem dos profissionais e serviços de saúde uma atenção dirigida às
causas do sofrimento identificado e intervenções que visem a sua minoração.
Capable of projecting in time, a person over the age of 80 is confronted with a number of multidimensional risk factors empowered by the experience of solitude and which leaves him/her more vulnerable in suffering scenarios. This network constitutes a cause of great social, political health and science concern. In this sense, we tried to reply to the investigation question “What is the relationship between solitude and suffering in people over the age of 80?”, with the objective of understanding how suffering is experience in people of the age of 80, who live in solitude, so as to be able to contribute towards the creation of the intervention projects that aim at minimizing the suffering experienced. This is a phenomenological-hermeneutic study. Thirty one people over the age of 80 and who live on their own participated, in Alto-Minho. In data-collection we resorted to: and interview, field notes, a socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-BREF; MEEM. An analysis was made of the meanings of the information collected as well as a descriptive statistic of the data. The ethical principles were respected. It was verified that the solitude of the elderly person is the result of the individual lifestyle which is related to the effect of the accumulated demographic, socio-economic and health events throughout the vital cycle. We realized that, on being alone, besides de diversity of losses, loneliness emerges with something almost inevitable and the cause of suffering. In this context, suffering arises with the threat to integrity of the person due to a multiplicity of circumstances, which evidences a complex process due to the significant increase in values, experiences resources and beliefs. Various adopted strategies for the relief of suffering emerged focussing on the following axes; spiritual experiences, preservation of dignity, stay active, opening up in an interpersonal relationship, build the life project, acceptance, keep hope. In conclusion, a person over the age of 80 in solitude and in suffering has his/her life marked by various losses, which he/she tries to overcome to attenuate suffering and find harmony with herself/himself, Throughout her/his life seeking for the purpose of living is to them an imperative, in order to break silence walls and, at the same time, to avoid an early death. These conclusions demand attention from professionals and health services directed towards the causes of the identified suffering and interventions that aim in minimizing these.
Capable of projecting in time, a person over the age of 80 is confronted with a number of multidimensional risk factors empowered by the experience of solitude and which leaves him/her more vulnerable in suffering scenarios. This network constitutes a cause of great social, political health and science concern. In this sense, we tried to reply to the investigation question “What is the relationship between solitude and suffering in people over the age of 80?”, with the objective of understanding how suffering is experience in people of the age of 80, who live in solitude, so as to be able to contribute towards the creation of the intervention projects that aim at minimizing the suffering experienced. This is a phenomenological-hermeneutic study. Thirty one people over the age of 80 and who live on their own participated, in Alto-Minho. In data-collection we resorted to: and interview, field notes, a socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-BREF; MEEM. An analysis was made of the meanings of the information collected as well as a descriptive statistic of the data. The ethical principles were respected. It was verified that the solitude of the elderly person is the result of the individual lifestyle which is related to the effect of the accumulated demographic, socio-economic and health events throughout the vital cycle. We realized that, on being alone, besides de diversity of losses, loneliness emerges with something almost inevitable and the cause of suffering. In this context, suffering arises with the threat to integrity of the person due to a multiplicity of circumstances, which evidences a complex process due to the significant increase in values, experiences resources and beliefs. Various adopted strategies for the relief of suffering emerged focussing on the following axes; spiritual experiences, preservation of dignity, stay active, opening up in an interpersonal relationship, build the life project, acceptance, keep hope. In conclusion, a person over the age of 80 in solitude and in suffering has his/her life marked by various losses, which he/she tries to overcome to attenuate suffering and find harmony with herself/himself, Throughout her/his life seeking for the purpose of living is to them an imperative, in order to break silence walls and, at the same time, to avoid an early death. These conclusions demand attention from professionals and health services directed towards the causes of the identified suffering and interventions that aim in minimizing these.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pessoa maior de 80 anos Solitude Sofrimento Person over the age of 80 Suffering