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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os defeitos – ou vícios – existentes nos bens adquiridos por força do mais corriqueiro dos contratos, qual seja, a compra e venda, é tema que remonta à máxima do caveat emptor, recaindo sobre o comprador o ônus de se acautelar dos riscos que podiam incidir sobre o objeto contratual. Entretanto, com a evolução da sociedade – nomeadamente a partir da Revolução Industrial-, as mais modernas codificações passaram a regular o tema de forma mais detida, estabelecendo situações de proteção ao comprador sem que, porém, deixassem de ter sempre subjacente – e porque não dizer, ainda, como regra – a referida máxima.
Sucede que o surgimento da produção em massa e, como consectário, da sociedade de consumo, mostrou a fragilidade dos ordenamentos jurídicos para, de forma justa, solucionarem as questões envolvendo a temática, motivo pelo qual reconhece-se – em muitas das vezes – naquele que detém a qualidade de comprador, também, a posição de consumidor e cujo atributo mais indelével é a sua vulnerabilidade na relação jurídica que se constituiu, malgrado esteja muito longe de ser tema uníssono em quais hipóteses o comprador também terá a sobredita qualidade jurídica por ocasião da aquisição de um bem e, assim, a submeter-se a regulação de normas específicas em detrimento das regras gerais constantes das codificações. Enfim, é o que se pretende, doravante, debater, à luz dos ordenamentos português e brasileiro.
The flaws – or vices – in the assets acquired under the most usual contract, such as a purchase agreement, are the theme which brings back the principle of caveat emptor, being incumbent upon the buyer to take the risks that could come with the contractual underlying. Nevertheless, as society changed, specifically since the Industrial Revolution – the most modern codifications began to regulate the theme in depth. This way situations that would protect the buyer were established, however, the aforementioned principle was always underlying the matter, why not say it, as a rule most of the time. The emergence of mass production as well as consumer society has shown the weakness of legal systems to solve the issues related to the subject. This is why, in many cases, the buyer is also recognized as holding the position of a consumer and whose most indelible attribute is his vulnerability in the legal relationship which has been established. Yet, that is far from being a settled subject, in cases where the buyer will also have the aforesaid position of that of a consumer, for the acquisition of a good, and thus having to undergo the regulation of specific rules to the detriment of the general rules contained in the codifications. Finally, this is what, henceforth, we intend to discuss in the light of Portuguese and Brazilian legal systems.
The flaws – or vices – in the assets acquired under the most usual contract, such as a purchase agreement, are the theme which brings back the principle of caveat emptor, being incumbent upon the buyer to take the risks that could come with the contractual underlying. Nevertheless, as society changed, specifically since the Industrial Revolution – the most modern codifications began to regulate the theme in depth. This way situations that would protect the buyer were established, however, the aforementioned principle was always underlying the matter, why not say it, as a rule most of the time. The emergence of mass production as well as consumer society has shown the weakness of legal systems to solve the issues related to the subject. This is why, in many cases, the buyer is also recognized as holding the position of a consumer and whose most indelible attribute is his vulnerability in the legal relationship which has been established. Yet, that is far from being a settled subject, in cases where the buyer will also have the aforesaid position of that of a consumer, for the acquisition of a good, and thus having to undergo the regulation of specific rules to the detriment of the general rules contained in the codifications. Finally, this is what, henceforth, we intend to discuss in the light of Portuguese and Brazilian legal systems.
Description
Keywords
Bens defeituosos Consumidor Direito português Direito brasileiro Defective goods Consumer Portuguese law Brazilian law