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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A crise financeira que os países do sul da Europa atravessam nos últimos anos, acelerou a necessidade de uma maior internacionalização das empresas, o que levou ao crescimento da expatriação, como forma de implementar essa estratégia. A expatriação é um fenómeno vantajoso tanto para as empresas como para os expatriados, a nível de desenvolvimento e partilha de competências e know-how, e cujo estado-da-arte se foca na análise do expatriado e sua adaptação ao país de acolhimento.
Este estudo analisa a conceção e implementação do processo de expatriação, com especial evidência na dimensão familiar, segundo as perspetivas dos representantes de empresas e dos expatriados. Para esta análise utilizou-se uma amostra constituída por expatriados, repatriados e responsáveis pelos processos de expatriação destes e uma metodologia qualitativa baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise de conteúdo através do software Nvivo.
Os resultados mostram a importância e influência da dimensão família para o expatriado em todas as etapas do processo de expatriação, nomeadamente, ao nível da aceitação do desafio, do apoio e equilíbrio na relação trabalho-família, do seu acompanhamento para o país de acolhimento do expatriado e como o seu distanciamento ser a principal dificuldade apontada, o que mostra a necessidade desta dimensão ser incluída na conceção e implementação destes processos pelas empresas. A associação entre a expatriação e o objetivo de alargamento de mercado pelas empresas, a preferência por um processo interno de recrutamento e dos programas de acolhimento e visitas de reconhecimento como práticas de preparação do expatriado são algumas das conclusões deste estudo. Adicionalmente, também se identificam a família, a aposta na carreira, a aquisição de novas competências e novos desafios como principais motivos de expatriação e as consequências de um processo de expatriação malsucedido, para as empresas e expatriados, assim como, oportunidades de melhoria para futuros processos de expatriação das empresas.
The financial crisis that Southern European countries are dwelling with since the past few years has accelerated the need for a bigger internationalization of the companies, which meant the growing of expatriates as a way of taking this strategy forward. This is an advantageous phenomenon for both companies and expatriates, by developing and sharing skills and know-how and the state of art focuses on the analysis of the expatriate and his adjustment to the country that receives him. This study analyses the conception and implementation of the expatriate process, especially on the family dimension, and according to the perspectives of the company and expatriates representatives. For this analysis we used a sample of expatriates, repatriates and those responsible for the expatriation process. The methodology used was qualitative based on semi structured interviews and content analysis through Nvivo software. The results showed the importance and influence of the family dimension for the expatriate in all stages of the expatriation process, as: the challenge acceptance, the balance and support in the family-work relationship, the accompanying for the country of acceptance of the expatriate and how separation is the major difficulty appointed. This shows us the importance of this dimension being included in the conception and implementation of these processes by the companies. The association between expatriation and the companies’ goal to enlarge the market, the preference for an internal recruitment process and the reception and recognition visits as preparation practices of the expatriate are some of the conclusions of this study. Additionally, we also identify as paramount motives for expatriation the family, career opportunities, acquisition of new skills and challenges, and we can observe the consequences of an unsuccessful expatriation process for both the expatriates and companies. Finally, we can understand improvement opportunities for companies when performing future processes of expatriations.
The financial crisis that Southern European countries are dwelling with since the past few years has accelerated the need for a bigger internationalization of the companies, which meant the growing of expatriates as a way of taking this strategy forward. This is an advantageous phenomenon for both companies and expatriates, by developing and sharing skills and know-how and the state of art focuses on the analysis of the expatriate and his adjustment to the country that receives him. This study analyses the conception and implementation of the expatriate process, especially on the family dimension, and according to the perspectives of the company and expatriates representatives. For this analysis we used a sample of expatriates, repatriates and those responsible for the expatriation process. The methodology used was qualitative based on semi structured interviews and content analysis through Nvivo software. The results showed the importance and influence of the family dimension for the expatriate in all stages of the expatriation process, as: the challenge acceptance, the balance and support in the family-work relationship, the accompanying for the country of acceptance of the expatriate and how separation is the major difficulty appointed. This shows us the importance of this dimension being included in the conception and implementation of these processes by the companies. The association between expatriation and the companies’ goal to enlarge the market, the preference for an internal recruitment process and the reception and recognition visits as preparation practices of the expatriate are some of the conclusions of this study. Additionally, we also identify as paramount motives for expatriation the family, career opportunities, acquisition of new skills and challenges, and we can observe the consequences of an unsuccessful expatriation process for both the expatriates and companies. Finally, we can understand improvement opportunities for companies when performing future processes of expatriations.
Description
Keywords
Processo de expatriação Família Relação trabalho-família Práticas das empresas Expatriation process Family Family-work relationship Companies’ practices