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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação incide sobre os casos de violência doméstica conjugal que, como demonstram as estatísticas, ano após ano, manifestam uma elevada incidência na criminalidade portuguesa, muitas das vezes com desfechos fatais. Contudo, há casos em que a mulher vítima de violência doméstica perpetuada ao longo de vários anos, um dia decide defender-se contra as agressões por si sofridas e, como forma de sobrevivência ou para colocar termo à “tirania doméstica”, decide tirar a vida ao seu agressor. Questionamo-nos, assim, acerca do enquadramento jurídico-penal a conferir à conduta homicida destas mulheres. Deve a resposta assentar na afirmação de uma defesa ao abrigo da legítima defesa e, por isso, temos exclusão da ilicitude do facto e a homicida será absolvida? Ou, dadas as circunstâncias, configura-se uma situação de excesso de legítima defesa, sendo a sua culpa atenuada ou até mesmo desculpada? E, se estas respostas não se considerarem aplicáveis ao caso, estará a conduta homicida enquadrada no âmbito do homicídio privilegiado, que prevê uma condenação atenuada em virtude de uma culpa sensivelmente diminuída? Pretendemos responder a estas questões, com o objetivo de encontrar a solução jurídico-penal mais adequada a estes casos.
The present dissertation focuses on the cases of conjugal domestic violence, which, as statistics show, year after year, manifest a high incidence in Portuguese criminality, often with fatal outcomes. However, there are cases in which the woman victim of domestic violence perpetuated over several years, one day decides to defend herself against the aggressions she has suffered and, as a way of survival or to put an end to the “domestic tyranny”, decides to take her aggressor’s life. This leads us to question the legal-criminal framework to be given to the homicidal conduct of these women. Should the answer be based on the assertion of a defense under self-defense and, therefore, we have exclusion of the illegality of the fact and the murderer will be acquitted? Or, given the circumstances, is there a situation of excessive self defense, then will her guilt be mitigated or even excused? And, if these answers are not considered applicable to the case, would the homicidal conduct fall within the scope of privileged homicide, which provides for a mitigated sentence due to significantly diminished guilt? We intend to answer these questions in order to find the most appropriate criminal-legal solution to these cases.
The present dissertation focuses on the cases of conjugal domestic violence, which, as statistics show, year after year, manifest a high incidence in Portuguese criminality, often with fatal outcomes. However, there are cases in which the woman victim of domestic violence perpetuated over several years, one day decides to defend herself against the aggressions she has suffered and, as a way of survival or to put an end to the “domestic tyranny”, decides to take her aggressor’s life. This leads us to question the legal-criminal framework to be given to the homicidal conduct of these women. Should the answer be based on the assertion of a defense under self-defense and, therefore, we have exclusion of the illegality of the fact and the murderer will be acquitted? Or, given the circumstances, is there a situation of excessive self defense, then will her guilt be mitigated or even excused? And, if these answers are not considered applicable to the case, would the homicidal conduct fall within the scope of privileged homicide, which provides for a mitigated sentence due to significantly diminished guilt? We intend to answer these questions in order to find the most appropriate criminal-legal solution to these cases.
Description
Keywords
Violência doméstica Legítima defesa Legítima defesa preventiva Excesso de legítima defesa Homicídio privilegiado Domestic violence Self-defense Preventive self-defense Excessive self-defense Privileged homicide