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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem como objetivo primordial perceber, partindo da perspetiva dos
psicólogos que trabalham na área forense, como prevenir a vitimação secundária que frequentemente
advém do envolvimento da criança vítima no contexto jurídico, nos casos de abuso sexual
intrafamiliar. Assim, junto destes profissionais, procurámos recolher dados que nos permitissem
identificar sugestões para otimizar as condições de participação da criança no processo judicial e
minorar o seu eventual impacto negativo.
Para a prossecução dos objetivos supracitados, revelou-se mais adequada a adoção de uma
metodologia de natureza qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas a uma amostra
constituída por 9 psicólogos, com idades compreendidas entre 26 e 40 anos e com experiência no
contacto regular com processos de abuso sexual de crianças no contexto familiar. O material empírico
resultante das entrevistas foi analisado através de procedimentos de tratamento e análise de conteúdo,
tendo por base a metodologia da Grounded Theory.
Os resultados obtidos sugerem a existência de inúmeras fragilidades na intervenção dos
profissionais de justiça e dos psicólogos com crianças vítimas de abuso sexual, alertando para a falta
de preparação específica dos profissionais, que está na origem de abordagens desadequadas e
revitimizadoras da criança. Além disso, o sistema judicial apresenta-se impreparado para acolher a
criança, sendo apontada a necessidade de se readaptarem os espaços e a condução das inquirições,
para se prevenir a vitimação secundária. Contudo, os resultados apontam para uma maior sensibilidade
dos profissionais na readaptação das suas abordagens e para uma maior consciência da necessidade de
uma intervenção articulada e multidisciplinar, apoiada na formação especializada na área da vitimação
infantil.
No futuro, julgamos ser importante a aposta na criação de uma rede de trabalho colaborativo,
inter e pluridisciplinar e um maior investimento na formação, especialização e supervisão dos
profissionais envolvidos na intervenção judicial junto de crianças vítimas de abuso sexual
intrafamiliar.
The present study aims to understand, based on the perspective of psychologists working on the forensic area, how to prevent secondary victimization that often originates from children´s involvement in the legal context, in cases of intrafamily sexual abuse. Thus, among these professionals, we tried to collect data that would allow us to identify suggestions to optimize the conditions for children participation in judicial proceedings and to reduce its possible negative impact. In order to achieve these objectives, we used a qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 9 experienced psychologists (between 26 and 40 years of age) working regularly with intrafamily child sexual abuse cases. Data was analysed using content analysis procedures, based on the Grounded Theory principles. Main results suggest the existence of numerous weaknesses in judicial professionals and psychologists interventions in child sexual abuse cases, alerting to their lack of specific preparation, which is the basis of inadequate and re-victimizer approaches. Moreover, the judicial system is not prepared to welcome children, needing major setting and interview readjustments in order to prevent secondary victimization. Nonetheless, our results indicate that professionals are aware of the need for a coordinated and multidisciplinary approach, supported by specialized training in the child victimization area. In the future we believe it is important to invest in the development of a collaborative, inter and multidisciplinary network, as well as a greater investment in training, expertise and supervision of the professionals involved in judicial intervention with children victims of intrafamily sexual abuse.
The present study aims to understand, based on the perspective of psychologists working on the forensic area, how to prevent secondary victimization that often originates from children´s involvement in the legal context, in cases of intrafamily sexual abuse. Thus, among these professionals, we tried to collect data that would allow us to identify suggestions to optimize the conditions for children participation in judicial proceedings and to reduce its possible negative impact. In order to achieve these objectives, we used a qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 9 experienced psychologists (between 26 and 40 years of age) working regularly with intrafamily child sexual abuse cases. Data was analysed using content analysis procedures, based on the Grounded Theory principles. Main results suggest the existence of numerous weaknesses in judicial professionals and psychologists interventions in child sexual abuse cases, alerting to their lack of specific preparation, which is the basis of inadequate and re-victimizer approaches. Moreover, the judicial system is not prepared to welcome children, needing major setting and interview readjustments in order to prevent secondary victimization. Nonetheless, our results indicate that professionals are aware of the need for a coordinated and multidisciplinary approach, supported by specialized training in the child victimization area. In the future we believe it is important to invest in the development of a collaborative, inter and multidisciplinary network, as well as a greater investment in training, expertise and supervision of the professionals involved in judicial intervention with children victims of intrafamily sexual abuse.
Description
Keywords
Abuso sexual de crianças Abuso intrafamiliar Psicólogos forenses Profissionais de justiça Intervenção judicial Declarações para memória futura Child sexual abuse Intrafamily abuse Forensic psychologists Judicial professionals Judicial intervention Statements for future memory