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Ângulo e perfil de emergência como indicador de risco para peri-implantite : a scoping review
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A peri-implantite traduz-se como uma complicação major que poderá levar a um quadro de insucesso na manutenção funcional de implantes dentários a longo prazo. As recentes investigações nesta área colocam em evidência o potencial papel do desenho protético, incidindo de forma particular sobre o ângulo e perfil de emergência, no desenvolvimento de doença peri-implantar relevante. A literatura ainda permanece heterogénea no que concerne ao estabelecimento de resultados causa/efeito e da associação de fatores etiológicos claros com a peri-implantite. Objetivo: A presente scoping review tem como objetivo sintetizar a literatura disponível acerca da influência do ângulo e perfil de emergência dos componentes protéticos na peri-implantite. Materiais e Métodos: Foram realizadas pesquisas eletrónicas na b-on, Web of Science e PubMed até abril de 2025. Foram incluídos estudos clínicos e revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram a relação entre o ângulo de emergência e/ou perfil de emergência de restaurações implanto-suportadas e a saúde dos tecidos peri-implantares. A extração de dados abrangeu o desenho do estudo, o tamanho da amostra, o tipo de prótese, o acompanhamento, os critérios de diagnóstico para peri-implantite e os principais resultados. Resultados: Dez estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão, incluindo estudos transversais, retrospetivos, ensaios clínicos aleatórios e revisões sistemáticas. A maioria dos estudos identificou um ângulo de emergência superior a 30º e um perfil de emergência convexo como fatores de risco significativos para o aumento da prevalência de peri-implantite e perda óssea marginal. Os perfis de emergência côncavos ou retos foram associados a uma maior estabilidade dos tecidos peri-implantares e a uma manutenção mais fácil. Alguns estudos, não encontraram um fator de risco significativo para o aumento da prevalência de peri-implantite e perda óssea marginal. Conclusão: A evidência atual sugere que os desenhos protéticos com um ângulo de emergência superior a 30º e um perfil de emergência convexo estão associados a um maior risco de peri-implantite e perda óssea marginal. Os protocolos clínicos devem dar prioridade a ângulos de emergência reduzidos e perfis côncavos para promover a saúde dos tecidos peri-implantares. São necessários mais estudos prospetivos com critérios de diagnóstico padronizados para confirmar estes resultados.
Introduction: Peri-implantitis is an important complication that can lead to the failure of long-term functional maintenance of dental implants. Recent research in this area has highlighted the potential role of prosthetic design, particularly the angle and emergence profile, in the development of relevant peri-implant diseases. The literature remains heterogeneous when it comes to establishing cause/effect outcomes and the association of clear etiological factors with peri-implantitis. Aim: This scoping review aims to synthesize the available literature on the influence of the angle and emergence profile of prosthetic components on peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: Electronic searches were carried out on b-on, Web of Science and PubMed until April 2025. Clinical studies and systematic reviews evaluating the relationship between the emergence angle and/or emergence profile of implant-supported restorations and peri-implant tissue health were included. Data extraction covered study design, sample size, type of prosthesis, follow-up, diagnostic criteria for peri-implantitis and main results. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, including cross-sectional studies, retrospective studies, randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews. Most studies identified an emergence angle of more than 30º and a convex emergence profile as significant risk factors for the increased prevalence of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Concave or straight emergence profiles were associated with greater stability of the peri-implant tissues and easier maintenance. Some studies did not find a significant risk factor for the increased prevalence of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that prosthetic designs with an emergence angle greater than 30º and a convex emergence profile are associated with a higher risk of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Clinical protocols should prioritize reduced emergence angles and concave profiles to promote peri-implant tissue health. More prospective studies with standardized diagnostic criteria are needed to confirm these results.
Introduction: Peri-implantitis is an important complication that can lead to the failure of long-term functional maintenance of dental implants. Recent research in this area has highlighted the potential role of prosthetic design, particularly the angle and emergence profile, in the development of relevant peri-implant diseases. The literature remains heterogeneous when it comes to establishing cause/effect outcomes and the association of clear etiological factors with peri-implantitis. Aim: This scoping review aims to synthesize the available literature on the influence of the angle and emergence profile of prosthetic components on peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: Electronic searches were carried out on b-on, Web of Science and PubMed until April 2025. Clinical studies and systematic reviews evaluating the relationship between the emergence angle and/or emergence profile of implant-supported restorations and peri-implant tissue health were included. Data extraction covered study design, sample size, type of prosthesis, follow-up, diagnostic criteria for peri-implantitis and main results. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, including cross-sectional studies, retrospective studies, randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews. Most studies identified an emergence angle of more than 30º and a convex emergence profile as significant risk factors for the increased prevalence of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Concave or straight emergence profiles were associated with greater stability of the peri-implant tissues and easier maintenance. Some studies did not find a significant risk factor for the increased prevalence of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that prosthetic designs with an emergence angle greater than 30º and a convex emergence profile are associated with a higher risk of peri-implantitis and marginal bone loss. Clinical protocols should prioritize reduced emergence angles and concave profiles to promote peri-implant tissue health. More prospective studies with standardized diagnostic criteria are needed to confirm these results.
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Peri-implantite Ângulo de emergência Perfil de emergência Prótese sobre implante Perda óssea marginal Peri-implantitis Emergence angle Emergence profile Implant prosthesis Marginal bone loss
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