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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Perturbação do Espectro de Autismo (PEA) é caracterizada por défices
na interação social, comunicação e comportamento. Paralelamente, vários estudos têm
vindo a sugerir a existência de alterações no processamento sensorial na população com
PEA, que revelam ser uma influência no quotidiano desta população. Devido à
peculiaridade da PEA, acredita-se que exista um fenótipo amplo de autismo (FAA) que
apresenta uma continuidade na população geral e que, uma das características que se
mantém, é a atipia sensorial. A literatura tem evidenciado que a variabilidade existente
no processamento olfativo pode estar parcialmente associada a diferenças individuais.
Tem-se verificado que a ansiedade, como diferença individual, apresenta impacto nas
competências olfativas. Neste estudo objetivamos compreender se os traços de autismo e
a ansiedade apresentam uma influência na deteção, discriminação e identificação olfativa.
Métodos: As três dimensões olfativas, deteção, discriminação e identificação, foram
avaliadas através do teste olfativo Sniffin’Sticks. Para a caracterização dos traços de
autismo recorreu-se ao Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Para a avaliação da ansiedade,
utilizaram-se as dimensões cognitiva e somática da subescala traço do State-Trait
Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA) Resultados: Verificou-se que o
sexo, a ansiedade somática traço, assim como a atenção para detalhes, subescala do AQ,
são preditores significativos da discriminação olfativa. Conclusão: Em suma, observando
os resultados do presente estudo, podemos concluir que contrariamente às hipóteses
postuladas, os traços de autismo (atenção para detalhes) e a ansiedade traço têm um efeito
preditivo apenas na discriminação olfativa. Sugere-se estudos futuros para a validação
desta hipótese explicativa.
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by changes in social skills, communication and behavior. In parallel, several studies have suggested processing changes in the sensory population with ASD, which seem to influence the daily life of this population. Considering the peculiarity of the ASD, it is assumed that there is a Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) that has an inheritance in the general population and that one of the characteristics that it maintains is an abnormal sensory behavior. Moreover, the literature has shown that the variability in olfactory processing may be associated with individual differences. It has been found that anxiety, as an individual difference, has an impact on olfactory skills. In this study, we aimed to understand if the traits of autism and anxiety influence detection, discrimination and olfactory identification. Methods: The three olfactory dimensions, detection, discrimination and identification, were evaluated by the Sniffin´Sticks olfactory test. To characterize autism traits, we used the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). For assessing anxiety, we used the cognitive and somatic dimensions of the trait subscale of the State Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA) Results: The results showed that sex, somatic anxiety, as well as attention to detail, measured by the AQ subscale, were predictors of olfactory discrimination. Conclusion: In sum, by observing the results of the present study, we can conclude that contrary to the hypotheses postulated, autism traits (attention to detail) and trait anxiety have a predictive effect only on olfactory discrimination. Future studies are suggested for the validation of this explanatory hypothesis.
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by changes in social skills, communication and behavior. In parallel, several studies have suggested processing changes in the sensory population with ASD, which seem to influence the daily life of this population. Considering the peculiarity of the ASD, it is assumed that there is a Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) that has an inheritance in the general population and that one of the characteristics that it maintains is an abnormal sensory behavior. Moreover, the literature has shown that the variability in olfactory processing may be associated with individual differences. It has been found that anxiety, as an individual difference, has an impact on olfactory skills. In this study, we aimed to understand if the traits of autism and anxiety influence detection, discrimination and olfactory identification. Methods: The three olfactory dimensions, detection, discrimination and identification, were evaluated by the Sniffin´Sticks olfactory test. To characterize autism traits, we used the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). For assessing anxiety, we used the cognitive and somatic dimensions of the trait subscale of the State Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA) Results: The results showed that sex, somatic anxiety, as well as attention to detail, measured by the AQ subscale, were predictors of olfactory discrimination. Conclusion: In sum, by observing the results of the present study, we can conclude that contrary to the hypotheses postulated, autism traits (attention to detail) and trait anxiety have a predictive effect only on olfactory discrimination. Future studies are suggested for the validation of this explanatory hypothesis.
Description
Keywords
Olfato Discriminação Traços de autismo Ansiedade Olfaction Discrimination Autism traits Anxiety