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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A par da sua utilidade e relevo social, a actividade médica envolve uma multiplicidade de riscos e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de causar severos danos e lesões na saúde dos pacientes. O médico não é um “semi-Deus”, a quem nunca se poderá imputar qualquer tipo de responsabilidade, pelo que o Direito Penal não deixa de intervir quando os mais importantes bens jurídicos são afectados. Esta dissertação tem como objecto central a responsabilidade penal dos médicos, isto é, a prática pelos profissionais médicos de crimes associados à sua profissão, que se traduzem em actos lesivos de bens jurídicos como a vida, a integridade física e a saúde. Em alguns ordenamentos jurídicos, os actos médicos representam violações à integridade física do indivíduo. O nosso Código Penal confere, no art. 150.º, n.º 1, uma total autonomia ao enquadramento da intervenção e tratamento médico-cirúrgico, referindo que caso a actuação médica obedeça aos quatro pressupostos presentes nesta norma (i.e., execução por um médico ou outra pessoa legalmente autorizada, intenção curativa, indicação objectiva e respeito pelas leges artis), não se traduzirá numa ofensa corporal. É sobre o significado e a interpretação deste artigo, que configura uma cláusula de exclusão da tipicidade das intervenções médicas na óptica de lesões corporais e do homicídio, que nos iremos debruçar durante esta investigação.
Within its social utility and importance, the medical activity is connected to a deep multiplicity of risks and, consequently, to the possibility of causing severe damage and injuries to the patients’ health. Doctors are not “demi-Gods”, to whom one may never impute any kind of responsibility, so Criminal Law does not refrain from intervening when its most important legal goods are being affected. This dissertation focuses on the doctors’ criminal responsibility, or, in other words, on the criminal practice associated to their profession, which translates to a damage of legal goods, such as life, physical integrity, and health. To some legal systems, medical acts represent violations to the physical integrity of the individual. For instance, the Portuguese Criminal Law grants, as the Article 150(1) states, total autonomy to the medical-surgical treatment and intervention framework, referring that if the medical act obeys to the 4 concepts present in this precept (that is, practiced by a doctor or other legally authorized personnel, healing intention, objective indication and respect for the leges artis), such will not translate to corporal injury. It is this exact article - present in an exclusion clause within the typicality of medical interventions from the perspective of corporal injuries and murder - that we will be analyzing in this investigation.
Within its social utility and importance, the medical activity is connected to a deep multiplicity of risks and, consequently, to the possibility of causing severe damage and injuries to the patients’ health. Doctors are not “demi-Gods”, to whom one may never impute any kind of responsibility, so Criminal Law does not refrain from intervening when its most important legal goods are being affected. This dissertation focuses on the doctors’ criminal responsibility, or, in other words, on the criminal practice associated to their profession, which translates to a damage of legal goods, such as life, physical integrity, and health. To some legal systems, medical acts represent violations to the physical integrity of the individual. For instance, the Portuguese Criminal Law grants, as the Article 150(1) states, total autonomy to the medical-surgical treatment and intervention framework, referring that if the medical act obeys to the 4 concepts present in this precept (that is, practiced by a doctor or other legally authorized personnel, healing intention, objective indication and respect for the leges artis), such will not translate to corporal injury. It is this exact article - present in an exclusion clause within the typicality of medical interventions from the perspective of corporal injuries and murder - that we will be analyzing in this investigation.
Description
Keywords
Intervenção médico-cirúrgica Leges artis Responsabilidade penal Médico Medical-surgical intervention Criminal liability Doctor