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Segundo a American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry a cárie precoce de infância caracteriza-se pela presença de um ou mais dentes decíduos com lesão de cárie (cavitada ou não), restaurados/obturados ou perdidos devido a cárie, em crianças menores de seis anos de idade. Para o controlo e prevenção da cárie, o diagnóstico precoce, bem como conhecer os fatores de risco associados ao seu desenvolvimento são essenciais para prevenir problemas adversos associados a esta. A grande maioria destes fatores são modificáveis, visto que estão relacionados aos comportamentos e práticas de saúde diárias efetuadas pela criança e pelos seus responsáveis. A evolução da doença é capaz de causar grande destruição dos dentes incluindo a sua perda, podendo estas resultar em complicações sistémicas, psicológicas e sociais. Esta doença pode ser prevenida, controlada ou mesmo revertida identificando os fatores de risco atempadamente. Hoje em dia é possível utilizar vários métodos conservadores para o tratamento de lesões iniciais de cárie. A utilização de fluoretos tópicos é atualmente considerada pela OMS como um dos métodos preventivos altamente eficaz para evitar o desenvolvimento desta doença. Os profissionais da área da saúde desempenham um papel fundamental na promoção e prevenção dos cuidados de saúde oral. É necessário atuar com medidas de informação e divulgação das consequências e na promoção de hábitos corretos e saudáveis.
According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, early childhood caries is characterized by the presence of carious lesions on one or more primary teeth (cavitated or not), restored / filled or lost due to caries, in children under six years of age. For the control and prevention of caries, early diagnosis, as well as knowing the risk factors associated with its development are essential to prevent adverse problems associated with it. The vast majority of these factors are manageable, since they are related to the daily health behaviors and practices performed by the child and those responsible for them. The evolution of the disease is capable of causing great destruction of the teeth including their loss, which can result in systemic, psychological and social complications. This disease can be prevented, controlled or even reversed by identifying the risk factors in a timely manner. Nowadays it is possible to use several conservative methods for the treatment of initial carious lesions. The use of topical fluorides is currently considered by the WHO as one of the highly effective preventive methods to prevent the development of this disease. Health care professionals play a key role in promoting and preventing oral health care. It is necessary to act with measures to inform and disseminate the consequences and to promote correct and healthy habits.
According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, early childhood caries is characterized by the presence of carious lesions on one or more primary teeth (cavitated or not), restored / filled or lost due to caries, in children under six years of age. For the control and prevention of caries, early diagnosis, as well as knowing the risk factors associated with its development are essential to prevent adverse problems associated with it. The vast majority of these factors are manageable, since they are related to the daily health behaviors and practices performed by the child and those responsible for them. The evolution of the disease is capable of causing great destruction of the teeth including their loss, which can result in systemic, psychological and social complications. This disease can be prevented, controlled or even reversed by identifying the risk factors in a timely manner. Nowadays it is possible to use several conservative methods for the treatment of initial carious lesions. The use of topical fluorides is currently considered by the WHO as one of the highly effective preventive methods to prevent the development of this disease. Health care professionals play a key role in promoting and preventing oral health care. It is necessary to act with measures to inform and disseminate the consequences and to promote correct and healthy habits.
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Cárie precoce da infância Fatores de risco Diagnóstico Tratamento restaurador atraumático Prevenção Early childhood caries Risk factors Diagnosis Atraumatic restorative treatment Prevention