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O presente trabalho debruça-se sobre a análise comparativa dos direitos da criança nos ordenamentos jurídicos português e guineense, tendo como enfoque os modelos de proteção e promoção da menor perante a prática de ablação dos órgãos genitais femininos, atualmente denominada de mutilação genital feminina. Esta prática ancestral fortemente enraizada na cultura guineense e hoje disseminada por todo o mundo é reconhecida pelo direito internacional como uma gritante violação dos direitos da mulher e da criança, visto que as suas sequelas afetam de forma grave a saúde e a integridade física das suas vítimas, que geralmente são crianças. No entanto, entendido por alguns autores como um crime culturalmente
motivado, a mutilação genital feminina é um tema simultaneamente complexo e controverso, dados os fundamentos que o instituem. Entre muitas, esta prática encontra a sua justificação na tradição e na cultura.
Assim sendo, partindo destas premissas, o presente trabalho pressupõe-se analisar a efetividade da proteção da criança contra a mutilação genital feminina nos ordenamentos jurídicos português e guineense.
Preliminarmente, procedemos a um enquadramento geral dedicado à mutilação genital feminina e a toda a sua implicação psicossocial, avançando seguidamente para a análise dos tratados internacionais que tutelam a proteção da menor perante este flagelo que afeta mais de 200 milhões de mulheres e raparigas em todo o mundo. Em seguida, observamos a conceção e evolução dos direitos da criança, bem como o relevante papel do Estado para a positivação constitucional deste direito em ambos os países. Por fim, observando o quadro jurídico dos referidos países, suscitamos a seguinte questão: “será o direito português um modelo a seguir?”
The present work focuses on the comparative analysis of the right of the child in the Portuguese and Guinean legal systems, with an emphasis on the models of protection and promotion of the minor faced with the practice of the ablation of the female genitals, currently called female genital mutilation. This ancestral practice strongly rooted in Guinean culture and today spread around the world is recognized by international law as a blatant violation of children and women’s rights, since their aftermath severely affect the health and physical integrity of its victims, who are often children. Understood by some authors as a culturally motivated crime, female genital mutilation is simultaneously complex and controversial given the fundamentals that establish it. Among many others, this practice finds its justification in tradition and culture. Therefore, starting from these premises, the present work intends to analyze the effectiveness of child protection against female genital mutilation in the Portuguese and Guinean legal systems. Preliminarily, we have a general framework dedicated to female genital mutilation and all its psychosocial implications, moving then to the analysis of international treaties that protect the minor against this scourge that affects more than 200 million women and girls worldwide. Then we look at the design and development of children’s right, as well as the important role of the State in the constitutional recognition of this right in both countries. Finally, observing the legal framework of these countries, we raise the following question: "is the Portuguese law a model?"
The present work focuses on the comparative analysis of the right of the child in the Portuguese and Guinean legal systems, with an emphasis on the models of protection and promotion of the minor faced with the practice of the ablation of the female genitals, currently called female genital mutilation. This ancestral practice strongly rooted in Guinean culture and today spread around the world is recognized by international law as a blatant violation of children and women’s rights, since their aftermath severely affect the health and physical integrity of its victims, who are often children. Understood by some authors as a culturally motivated crime, female genital mutilation is simultaneously complex and controversial given the fundamentals that establish it. Among many others, this practice finds its justification in tradition and culture. Therefore, starting from these premises, the present work intends to analyze the effectiveness of child protection against female genital mutilation in the Portuguese and Guinean legal systems. Preliminarily, we have a general framework dedicated to female genital mutilation and all its psychosocial implications, moving then to the analysis of international treaties that protect the minor against this scourge that affects more than 200 million women and girls worldwide. Then we look at the design and development of children’s right, as well as the important role of the State in the constitutional recognition of this right in both countries. Finally, observing the legal framework of these countries, we raise the following question: "is the Portuguese law a model?"
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Mutilação genital feminina Tradição Cultura Direito da criança Saúde Integridade física Female genital mutilation Tradition Culture Children’s rights Health Physical integrity