Loading...
Publication
Faltas ao trabalho : uma mudança de paradigma?
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 605.3 KB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação analisa o impacto crescente do absentismo no direito do trabalho, destacando a questão das faltas justificadas e injustificadas, as suas implicações e as mudanças no Código do Trabalho (doravante CT) em 2023, concluindo que os problemas de saúde, tanto os físicos, como os psicológicos (stress e depressão) são a causa principal do absentismo, afetando a assiduidade e o relacionamento interpessoal dos trabalhadores. As faltas injustificadas exigem medidas mais drásticas dos empregadores, podendo resultar em consequências disciplinares, já as justificadas (explanadas nas alíneas do n.º 2 dos artigos 249.º do CT e 134.º da Lei Geral do Trabalho em Funções Públicas) visam conciliar obrigações profissionais e pessoais, e, por isso, o CT de 2023 introduziu novas categorias de faltas, revendo alguns critérios de justificação, o que se refletiu numa abordagem mais flexível para conciliar essas demandas laborais e individuais dos trabalhadores. Por fim, abordamos a falta de regulação nos casos das faltas por morte ou assistência de animais de estimação, através do projeto de lei proposto pelo Partido Pessoas Animais e Natureza, concluindo pela necessidade de preencher esta lacuna legislativa, devendo acrescentar-se a morte ou assistência urgente e inadiável do animal de estimação ao elenco de faltas justificadas. Uma vez que o Direito do Trabalho é uma estrutura dinâmica sujeita a constantes oscilações conjunturais e políticas, que suscita debates sobre as medidas necessárias para a sua reformulação, há ainda uma grande insatisfação sobre algumas questões do paradigma atual, designadamente, as faltas ao trabalho, que é o tema primordial da presente dissertação. Em suma, este trabalho enfatiza a importância de soluções que conciliem os interesses dos empregadores e trabalhadores, fortalecendo as relações de trabalho e promovendo um ambiente saudável e produtivo. Relativamente aos métodos usados, socorremo-nos de: pesquisa bibliográfica nacionalmente aceite; sítios da internet sobre o assunto em investigação; tratamento dos dados disponíveis em fontes documentais, concretamente as originadas pelo INE (Instituto Nacional de Estatística), DGSI (Direção Geral dos Serviços de Informática) e DGPJ (Direção Geral da Política de Justiça); revisão da literatura, através de síntese das principais abordagens e correspondente reflexão crítica. Esta informação servirá de base para uma avaliação e caracterização preliminar do fenómeno em análise. O estudo da bibliografia existente recairá sobre trabalhos de autores nacionais e internacionais relacionados com esta problemática, bem como da legislação e jurisprudência, procurando comentar e caracterizar os acontecimentos laborais.
This dissertation analyzes the growing impact of absenteeism on labour law, highlighting the issue of justified and unjustified absences, its implications and the changes in the Labour Code (Código do Trabalho) in 2023. Furthermore, it concludes that health problems, both physical and psychological (stress and depression) are the main cause of absenteeism, affecting attendance and interpersonal relationships of workers. Unjustified absences require more drastic measures from employers, which may result in disciplinary consequences. While justified absences (explained in number 2 of articles 249.º of the Labour Code and 134.º of the General Labour Law in Public Functions) aim to reconcile professional and personal obligations. Therefore, the 2023 Labour Code introduced new categories of absences, revising some justification criteria, which was reflected in a more flexible approach to reconcile these employees work and individual demands. Finally, we address the lack of regulation in cases of absences due to death or assistance of pets, explaining the bill proposed by the PAN, concluding that it is necessary to fill this legislative gap, in the context of adding the death and urgent assistance of the pet to the list of justified absences. Since the Labour Law is a dynamic structure subject to constant conjunctural and political oscillations, hence the debates on the necessary measures for its reformulation, there is still great dissatisfaction about some issues of the current paradigm, namely, absences from work, which is the primary theme of this dissertation. In short, this final work emphasizes the importance of solutions that reconcile the interests of employers and workers, strengthening labour relations and promoting a healthy and productive environment. Regarding the methods used: nationally accepted bibliographic research; websites on the subject under investigation; processing of data available in documentary sources, specifically those originated by Statistics Portugal (National Institute of Statistics), DGSI (DirectorateGeneral for Information Technology Services) and DGPJ (Directorate-General for Justice Policy); literature review, through synthesis of the main approaches and corresponding critical reflection. This information will serve as a basis for a preparatory assessment and characterization of the phenomenon under study. The study of the existing bibliography will focus on publications made by national and international authors related to this problem, as well as legislation and jurisprudence, seeking to comment and characterize labour occurrences.
This dissertation analyzes the growing impact of absenteeism on labour law, highlighting the issue of justified and unjustified absences, its implications and the changes in the Labour Code (Código do Trabalho) in 2023. Furthermore, it concludes that health problems, both physical and psychological (stress and depression) are the main cause of absenteeism, affecting attendance and interpersonal relationships of workers. Unjustified absences require more drastic measures from employers, which may result in disciplinary consequences. While justified absences (explained in number 2 of articles 249.º of the Labour Code and 134.º of the General Labour Law in Public Functions) aim to reconcile professional and personal obligations. Therefore, the 2023 Labour Code introduced new categories of absences, revising some justification criteria, which was reflected in a more flexible approach to reconcile these employees work and individual demands. Finally, we address the lack of regulation in cases of absences due to death or assistance of pets, explaining the bill proposed by the PAN, concluding that it is necessary to fill this legislative gap, in the context of adding the death and urgent assistance of the pet to the list of justified absences. Since the Labour Law is a dynamic structure subject to constant conjunctural and political oscillations, hence the debates on the necessary measures for its reformulation, there is still great dissatisfaction about some issues of the current paradigm, namely, absences from work, which is the primary theme of this dissertation. In short, this final work emphasizes the importance of solutions that reconcile the interests of employers and workers, strengthening labour relations and promoting a healthy and productive environment. Regarding the methods used: nationally accepted bibliographic research; websites on the subject under investigation; processing of data available in documentary sources, specifically those originated by Statistics Portugal (National Institute of Statistics), DGSI (DirectorateGeneral for Information Technology Services) and DGPJ (Directorate-General for Justice Policy); literature review, through synthesis of the main approaches and corresponding critical reflection. This information will serve as a basis for a preparatory assessment and characterization of the phenomenon under study. The study of the existing bibliography will focus on publications made by national and international authors related to this problem, as well as legislation and jurisprudence, seeking to comment and characterize labour occurrences.
Description
Keywords
Absentismo Faltas Retribuição Mudança Animal de estimação Absenteeism Absences Retribution Change Pet
Citation
Publisher
CC License
Without CC licence