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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos Cuidados Paliativos os últimos dias e horas de vida, designados também por fase de
agonia, constituem presentemente foco de atenção de profissionais de saúde e
académicos. Nesta fase da vida, em que a morte está eminente, é necessário redefinir
objetivos com o doente e respetiva família, de forma a adequar os cuidados de saúde ao
estado do doente.
Neste relatório apresentamos a descrição e a reflexão sobre os estágios integrados no
Mestrado em Cuidados Paliativos do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade
Católica Portuguesa – Porto, centrou-se nos Cuidados de Saúde ao Doente e Família nos
Últimos dias e Horas de Vida. A opção por esta área de formação surgiu da necessidade
de ultrapassar as dificuldades sentidas e vivenciadas na prestação de cuidados a doentes
nesta fase da vida, enquanto profissional integrado numa unidade de Cuidados
Paliativos.
Esta problemática foi escolhida pelo nosso interesse em aprofundar o estudo desta
temática, por percebermos que a grande maioria dos doentes referenciados,
apresentavam um tempo de internamento curto com taxas de óbito elevadas. Este
relatório demonstra o caminho percorrido nos locais de estágio, focando as principais
atividades e competências desenvolvidas, pensamentos, reflexões e estudos.
Numa primeira fase, desenrolou-se num serviço especializado de Cuidados Paliativos
do concelho do Porto e permitiu principalmente a aquisição e desenvolvimento do saber
empírico, do ético e estético ou arte de Enfermagem em contexto prático.
Na segunda fase desenvolveu-se o domínio do conhecimento científico através da
realização de atividades que permitiram adequar os cuidados de saúde às necessidades
do doente e família, nos últimos dias e horas de vida.
A metodologia adoptada foi descritiva e reflexiva, alicerçada em pesquisa bibliográfica
que auxiliou na fundamentação das decisões e ações realizadas. Realizamos também um
estudo retrospetivo dos registos clínicos sobre os cuidados de saúde nos últimos dias e
horas de vida; e um estudo exploratório sobre a percepção dos profissionais de saúde
sobre os últimos dias e horas de vida que levaram à elaboração de um manual de
procedimentos.
O relatório espelha os contributos, as aprendizagens, os trabalhos realizados e o
desenvolvimento de competências nas quatro áreas chave dos Cuidados Paliativos: a
comunicação; o controlo de sintomas; cuidar da família e trabalho em equipa. Reflete
ainda a necessidade de um correto diagnóstico dos cuidados de saúde por forma a
implementar estratégias e ações de formação para a melhoria dos cuidados prestados.
In Palliative Care, the last days and hours of life also called as the phase of agony, are nowadays a focus of attention for health and academic professionals. During this phase of life very close to death it is necessary to redefine the goals with the patient and family in order to adequate the care to the patient condition. In this report we presented the description and the reflection made regarding the integrated traineeships at Masters in Palliative Care of the Health Sciences Institute, in the Portuguese Catholic University – Oporto, focused in Healthcare for the Patient and Family during the last Days and Hours of Life. The option for this formation area has arisen due to the need to overcome the difficulties experienced and lived in care of the patients during this phase of life as a professional integrated in a unity of Palliative Care. This issue was chosen due to our interest to go further when studying this subject as we know that most of the identified patients presented a short period of hospital stay with high levels of death. This report shows the pursued path used in traineeships, identifying the main activities and competences developed as well as thoughts, reflections and studies. In a first phase, it took place in a specialized service of Palliative Care in the Oporto region and allowed mainly the acquisition and development of empirical, ethical and aesthetic knowledge or nursing art in practical environment. In a second phase, it was developed the control of scientific knowledge through activities which allowed to adequate the healthcare to the needs of the patient and his family in his last days and hours of life. The methodology adopted was descriptive and reflexive, sustained by bibliographical research which provided the help to state reasons for the decisions and actions undertaken. We do a retrospective study of the clinical records of healthcare in the last days and hours of life; and a exploratory study about the perceptions of the health professionals about the last days and hours of life which led to the drafting of a Manual of Procedures. The report reflects the contributions, the apprenticeships, works done and developing the competences in the four key areas of Palliative Care: the communication; the symptom control; care of the family and work team. It reflects also the need for a correct diagnosis of healthcare in order to implement strategies and training actions to improve the quality of the provided healthcare.
In Palliative Care, the last days and hours of life also called as the phase of agony, are nowadays a focus of attention for health and academic professionals. During this phase of life very close to death it is necessary to redefine the goals with the patient and family in order to adequate the care to the patient condition. In this report we presented the description and the reflection made regarding the integrated traineeships at Masters in Palliative Care of the Health Sciences Institute, in the Portuguese Catholic University – Oporto, focused in Healthcare for the Patient and Family during the last Days and Hours of Life. The option for this formation area has arisen due to the need to overcome the difficulties experienced and lived in care of the patients during this phase of life as a professional integrated in a unity of Palliative Care. This issue was chosen due to our interest to go further when studying this subject as we know that most of the identified patients presented a short period of hospital stay with high levels of death. This report shows the pursued path used in traineeships, identifying the main activities and competences developed as well as thoughts, reflections and studies. In a first phase, it took place in a specialized service of Palliative Care in the Oporto region and allowed mainly the acquisition and development of empirical, ethical and aesthetic knowledge or nursing art in practical environment. In a second phase, it was developed the control of scientific knowledge through activities which allowed to adequate the healthcare to the needs of the patient and his family in his last days and hours of life. The methodology adopted was descriptive and reflexive, sustained by bibliographical research which provided the help to state reasons for the decisions and actions undertaken. We do a retrospective study of the clinical records of healthcare in the last days and hours of life; and a exploratory study about the perceptions of the health professionals about the last days and hours of life which led to the drafting of a Manual of Procedures. The report reflects the contributions, the apprenticeships, works done and developing the competences in the four key areas of Palliative Care: the communication; the symptom control; care of the family and work team. It reflects also the need for a correct diagnosis of healthcare in order to implement strategies and training actions to improve the quality of the provided healthcare.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados paliativos Cuidados de saúde Agonia Palliative care Health care Last days and hours of life