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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Tuberculose (TB) foi, e continua a ser, um sério problema em Saúde Pública. Em Portugal, a incidência da doença tem diminuído de forma consistente nos últimos anos. Embora se confirme um perfil epidemiológico favorável, o número de casos nas crianças tem vindo a aumentar. A vacina BCG protege as crianças das formas graves de TB e, em Portugal, no ano de 2016, a estratégia vacinal transitou de universal a seletiva, sendo apenas administrada a crianças até aos 6 anos de idade e pertencentes a grupos de risco, dado o reconhecido vínculo da doença a grupos vulneráveis. A avaliação da elegibilidade para a vacina pelos profissionais de saúde, de forma a identificar precocemente essas crianças, é fundamental para prevenir e controlar a transmissão da doença na comunidade. A Unidade de Saúde Pública, no âmbito das suas funções, nomeadamente vigilância epidemiológica e gestão do Programa Nacional de Vacinação (PNV) é o epicentro de todo este processo. Objetivo: Promover a adesão à avaliação da elegibilidade para a vacinação com a BCG e a Vigilância Epidemiológica dos Diagnósticos de Enfermagem (VEDE) neste contexto na comunidade de enfermeiros de um Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde (ACeS). Metodologia: Desenvolveu-se um projeto de intervenção comunitária com base na metodologia do Planeamento em Saúde utilizando o referencial teórico de Enfermagem Comunitária, o Modelo de Avaliação, Intervenção e Empoderamento Comunitário (MAIEC) de Pedro Melo. Resultados: Foi identificada, após implementação do processo de priorização, uma taxa de avaliação da elegibilidade nas crianças com idade superior a 1 ano, de 82% no ACeS e o diagnóstico Gestão Comunitária comprometida em dois dos seus domínios: Participação Comunitária (três diagnósticos comprometidos) e Liderança Comunitária, (seis diagnósticos comprometidos, três em cada um dos subdomínios Conhecimento e Volição). Conclusão: No que concerne à VEDE, na problemática em estudo, o presente trabalho permitiu constatar a inexistência de um foco de enfermagem, com juízo clínico associado, na parametrização do SClínico dos Cuidados de saúde Primários (CSP) que traduza a implementação da avaliação da elegibilidade para a vacinação com a BCG, por parte dos profissionais de enfermagem, abrindo porta a futuros trabalhos. A melhoria verificada na taxa de avaliação da elegibilidade no final deste trabalho aponta para resultados positivos na promoção do empoderamento comunitário na comunidade de enfermeiros do ACeS. A realização deste trabalho permitiu a aquisição e o desenvolvimento de competências, de Mestre em Enfermagem, e de Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Comunitária e de Saúde Pública.
Tuberculosis was, and still is, a serious Public Health issue. The disease incidence has been consistently decreasing in Portugal over the last years. Despite its favorable epidemiological profile, the number of cases in children has been slowly increasing. BCG vaccination protects children from Tuberculosis most severe forms and Portugal, in 2016, switched from universal vaccination to a selective approach, administering the vaccine only to children up to 6 years old that belong to risk groups, given its recognized link to vulnerable groups. Early children identification through the vaccine eligibility assessment by health professionals is essential to prevent and control the disease transmission in the community. The Public Health Unit, within the scope of its functions, namely epidemiological surveillance and management of the National Vaccination Program, is this entire process epicenter. Objective: To promote the nurse community commitment to BCG vaccination eligibility assessment and the Nursing Diagnoses Epidemiological Surveillance. Methodology: A community intervention project was developed based on the Health Planning methodology resorting to a community nursing theoretical framework, the Community Assessment, Intervention and Empowerment Model, by Pedro Melo. Results: After implementing the prioritization process, an 82% assessment rate of eligibility in children aged over 1 year was identified in the ACeS. It was also identified that the diagnosis Community Management was impaired in two of its domains: Community Participation (three impaired diagnoses) and Community Leadership (six impaired diagnoses, three in each of the Knowledge and Volition subdomains). Conclusion: Regarding Nursing Diagnoses Epidemiological Surveillance, the present study allowed to verify the lack of a Primary Health Care System Information nursing focus, with an associated clinical judgment that translates nursing professionals BGC vaccination eligibility assessment. The improvement seen in the eligibility assessment rate by the end of this study points to positive results in promoting community empowerment in the nurse community. This project allowed the acquisition and development of skills within the scope of a Specialist in Community Nursing in the area of Community Health Nursing and Public Health, as well as a Master’s degree in Nursing skills.
Tuberculosis was, and still is, a serious Public Health issue. The disease incidence has been consistently decreasing in Portugal over the last years. Despite its favorable epidemiological profile, the number of cases in children has been slowly increasing. BCG vaccination protects children from Tuberculosis most severe forms and Portugal, in 2016, switched from universal vaccination to a selective approach, administering the vaccine only to children up to 6 years old that belong to risk groups, given its recognized link to vulnerable groups. Early children identification through the vaccine eligibility assessment by health professionals is essential to prevent and control the disease transmission in the community. The Public Health Unit, within the scope of its functions, namely epidemiological surveillance and management of the National Vaccination Program, is this entire process epicenter. Objective: To promote the nurse community commitment to BCG vaccination eligibility assessment and the Nursing Diagnoses Epidemiological Surveillance. Methodology: A community intervention project was developed based on the Health Planning methodology resorting to a community nursing theoretical framework, the Community Assessment, Intervention and Empowerment Model, by Pedro Melo. Results: After implementing the prioritization process, an 82% assessment rate of eligibility in children aged over 1 year was identified in the ACeS. It was also identified that the diagnosis Community Management was impaired in two of its domains: Community Participation (three impaired diagnoses) and Community Leadership (six impaired diagnoses, three in each of the Knowledge and Volition subdomains). Conclusion: Regarding Nursing Diagnoses Epidemiological Surveillance, the present study allowed to verify the lack of a Primary Health Care System Information nursing focus, with an associated clinical judgment that translates nursing professionals BGC vaccination eligibility assessment. The improvement seen in the eligibility assessment rate by the end of this study points to positive results in promoting community empowerment in the nurse community. This project allowed the acquisition and development of skills within the scope of a Specialist in Community Nursing in the area of Community Health Nursing and Public Health, as well as a Master’s degree in Nursing skills.
Description
Keywords
Tuberculose na criança Vacina BCG Vigilância epidemiológica dos diagnósticos de enfermagem Empoderamento comunitário Tuberculosis in children BCG vaccine Nursing diagnoses epidemiological surveillance Community empowerment