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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Fundamentação teórica: As medidas de avaliação neuropsicológica das funções
executivas (FE) em crianças com idade pré-escolar ainda estão pouco investigadas
quando comparado com adultos. O estudo das FE tem gerado discordâncias entre autores,
sendo que alguns apoiam as FE como um construto unitário, especialmente nas idades
pré-escolares.
Objetivos: Propõe-se conduzir uma revisão sistemática da literatura qualitativa para (a)
identificar as medidas de FE construídas/estudadas para crianças de idade pré-escolar; (b)
identificar o(s) componente(s) que as medidas de FE avaliam; (c) identificar medidas de
FE com dados para a população portuguesa pré-escolar.
Metodologia: A presente pesquisa bibliográfica recorreu a quatro bases de dados
eletrónicas PubMed, ScienceDirect, Psycinfo e Scopus, tendo como descritores chave
“Executive Functions”, “Preschoolers” e “Measures” para procurar estudos revistos por
pares publicados nos últimos 15 anos.
Resultados: Dos 39 estudos elegíveis para revisão, foram identificadas 87 medidas de
avaliação de FE aplicadas em crianças de idade pré-escolar, na sua maioria oriundas da
América do Norte e da Europa. Das medidas revistas, 10 foram utilizadas com maior
frequência (nomeadamente, Dimensional Change Card Sort, Digit Span, Word span,
Stroop Day/night, Go/no-go, Shape School, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders, Boy/Girl
Stroop, Hanoi Tower e Bear/Dragon). Verifica-se que são poucos os estudos que avaliam
um só componente, ainda assim, o componente mais estudado é o controlo inibitório. Dos
estudos realizados em território nacional, foram encontrados quatro que fornecem dados
de desempenho das FE da população pré-escolar portuguesa através da
tradução/adaptação de medidas de avaliação.
Discussão e conclusão: Verificou-se que nos últimos anos houve um grande crescimento
no estudo de instrumentos de medida das FE em pré-escolares. Porém, o estudo destas
medidas na população portuguesa ainda é muito recente e carece de investigação
Theoretical Background: Neuropsychological assessment measures of executive functions (EF) in children of preschool age are still poorly investigated, when compared with adults. The study of EF has generated disagreements between authors, with some supporting it as EF as a unitary construct, especially at preschool ages. Aims: It is proposed to conduct a systematic review of the qualitative literature to (a) identify the EF measures constructed/studied for children of preschool age; (b) identify the component (s) that EF measures evaluate; (c) identify EF measures with data for the Portuguese preschool population. Method: This bibliographic search used four electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Psycinfo and Scopus), having as main descriptors “Executive Functions”, “Preschoolers” and “Measures”, to search for peer-reviewed studies published in the last 15 years. Results: Of the 39 eligible studies for review, 87 measures for the evaluation of EF applied to children of preschool age were identified, most of them from North America and Europe. Of the revised measures, 10 were used most frequently (namely, Dimensional Change Card Sort, Word span, Digit Span, Stroop Day/night, Go/no-go, Shape School, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders, Boy/Girl Stroop, Hanoi Tower and Bear/Dragon). It can be observed that there are few studies that evaluate a single component, yet the most studied component is inhibitory control. Of the studies carried out in the national territory, four were found that provide performance data for EF in the Portuguese preschool population through the translation/adaptation of assessment measures. Conclusion: It was found that in the last few years there has been a great increase in the study of instruments for measuring EF in preschoolers. In turn, the study of these measures in the Portuguese population is still very recent and needs further investigation.
Theoretical Background: Neuropsychological assessment measures of executive functions (EF) in children of preschool age are still poorly investigated, when compared with adults. The study of EF has generated disagreements between authors, with some supporting it as EF as a unitary construct, especially at preschool ages. Aims: It is proposed to conduct a systematic review of the qualitative literature to (a) identify the EF measures constructed/studied for children of preschool age; (b) identify the component (s) that EF measures evaluate; (c) identify EF measures with data for the Portuguese preschool population. Method: This bibliographic search used four electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Psycinfo and Scopus), having as main descriptors “Executive Functions”, “Preschoolers” and “Measures”, to search for peer-reviewed studies published in the last 15 years. Results: Of the 39 eligible studies for review, 87 measures for the evaluation of EF applied to children of preschool age were identified, most of them from North America and Europe. Of the revised measures, 10 were used most frequently (namely, Dimensional Change Card Sort, Word span, Digit Span, Stroop Day/night, Go/no-go, Shape School, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders, Boy/Girl Stroop, Hanoi Tower and Bear/Dragon). It can be observed that there are few studies that evaluate a single component, yet the most studied component is inhibitory control. Of the studies carried out in the national territory, four were found that provide performance data for EF in the Portuguese preschool population through the translation/adaptation of assessment measures. Conclusion: It was found that in the last few years there has been a great increase in the study of instruments for measuring EF in preschoolers. In turn, the study of these measures in the Portuguese population is still very recent and needs further investigation.
Description
Keywords
Funções executivas Medidas de avaliação Crianças Pré-escolares Executive functions Measures Children Preschoolers