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Abstract(s)
Esta investigação foi desenvolvida com a intenção de compreender os contributos
de Thomas Edward Lawrence para o desenvolvimento da Ciência Militar.
Inicialmente foi abordada a matriz da sua aprendizagem militar, baseada na leitura
dos estrategistas do século XVIII. De seguida foi analisada no seu livro “Os Sete Pilares
da Sabedoria”, a descrição da atuação dos beduínos na Revolta Árabe. Lawrence
reformulou aqui os princípios da guerra, segundo uma nova perspetiva estratégica,
baseada nos elementos algébrico das coisas, biológico das vidas e psicológico das ideias.
De seguida é feita uma análise comparativa entre a doutrina dos pensadores da
subversão após a I Guerra Mundial e a doutrina de Lawrence, encontrando os pontos em
comum. No capítulo seguinte é realizado um avanço temporal, para compreendermos a
difusão desta doutrina. Embora T. E . Lawrence não tenha voltado a escrever obras de
fundo sobre a estratégia militar, o seu pupilo Liddell Hart assumiu a tarefa de recolher as
suas lições e desenvolver as suas próprias ideias. Numa época em que ainda se recordava
a devastação provocada pela I Guerra Mundial, Hart encontrou em Lawrence, através de
tutorias e troca de correspondência, uma doutrina que aspirava a alcançar vitórias
estratégicas, limitando os efeitos destrutivos das operações. Desta forma, Hart ampliou o
modelo de Lawrence, tornando-o aplicável à guerra regular. No entanto, esta influência
de Lawrence sobre Hart foi ocultada.
Não sendo possível avaliar conclusivamente o grau de influência de T. E. Lawrence,
ficou objetivamente demonstrado que as forças armadas que aplicaram princípios
similares aos que haviam sido idealizados por ele, alcançaram uma elevada eficiência.
This investigation was developed with the purpose of understanding the contributions of Thomas Edward Lawrence to the development of military science. Initially, the basis of his military learning was approached, based on the reading of the strategists of the 18th century. It was then analysed in his book “The Seven Pillars of Wisdom”, the description of the performance of the Bedouin in the Arab Revolt. Lawrence reformulated here the principles of the war, according to a new strategic perspective, based on the algebraic elements of things, biological of the lives and psychological of ideas. Then a comparative analysis is made between the doctrine of the thinkers of subversion after World War I and the doctrine of Lawrence, finding the points in common. In the following chapter is given a leap to understand the diffusion of this doctrine. Although T. E. Lawrence did not write again main works on the military strategy, his pupil Liddell Hart has taken the task of collecting his lessons and developing his own ideas. At a time when the devastation provoked by World War I was still remembered, Hart found in Lawrence, through tutoring and correspondence, a doctrine that aspirated to achieve strategic victories, limiting the destructive effects of Operations. In this way, Hart expanded the model of Lawrence, making it applicable to the regular war. However, this influence of Lawrence on Hart has been concealed. Unable to conclusively assess T. E. Lawrence's degree of influence, it was objectively demonstrated that the military that applied principles like those it had devised achieved a high efficiency.
This investigation was developed with the purpose of understanding the contributions of Thomas Edward Lawrence to the development of military science. Initially, the basis of his military learning was approached, based on the reading of the strategists of the 18th century. It was then analysed in his book “The Seven Pillars of Wisdom”, the description of the performance of the Bedouin in the Arab Revolt. Lawrence reformulated here the principles of the war, according to a new strategic perspective, based on the algebraic elements of things, biological of the lives and psychological of ideas. Then a comparative analysis is made between the doctrine of the thinkers of subversion after World War I and the doctrine of Lawrence, finding the points in common. In the following chapter is given a leap to understand the diffusion of this doctrine. Although T. E. Lawrence did not write again main works on the military strategy, his pupil Liddell Hart has taken the task of collecting his lessons and developing his own ideas. At a time when the devastation provoked by World War I was still remembered, Hart found in Lawrence, through tutoring and correspondence, a doctrine that aspirated to achieve strategic victories, limiting the destructive effects of Operations. In this way, Hart expanded the model of Lawrence, making it applicable to the regular war. However, this influence of Lawrence on Hart has been concealed. Unable to conclusively assess T. E. Lawrence's degree of influence, it was objectively demonstrated that the military that applied principles like those it had devised achieved a high efficiency.
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Keywords
T. E. Lawrence Revolta Árabe Guerrilha Subversão Liddell Hart Blitzkrieg Forças de Defesa de Israel Arab Revolt Guerrilla Subversion Israel Defense Forces