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O conceito uniforme de tempo de trabalho na União Europeia : qual o papel da contratação coletiva?
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O conceito de tempo de trabalho adotado pelo legislador português resulta da transposição do previsto na Diretiva 2003/88/CE, do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 4 de novembro. No entanto, face à interpretação seguida pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia ao longo das últimas décadas, o alcance deste conceito tem evoluído, levantando a questão de saber se o artigo 197.º do Código do Trabalho continua a estar em conformidade com o Direito da União Europeia. Assim, no presente estudo propõe-se analisar a evolução histórica da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça sobre esta matéria, identificando os desafios decorrentes da consagração de uma conceção binária do tempo de trabalho, em particular a sua compatibilidade com outro Tratado internacional ratificado pelo Estado português: a Carta Social Europeia Revista. Adicionalmente, serão exploradas novas questões emergentes do confronto entre a mais recente jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça e o ordenamento jurídico português: poderão os instrumentos de regulamentação coletiva de trabalho consagrar conceitos menos restritivos de tempo de trabalho? Que margem de manobra terá, afinal, o Estado português, na definição deste conceito?
The concept of working time adopted by the Portuguese legislator results from the transposition of the provisions set out in Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November. However, given the interpretation followed by the Court of Justice of the European Union over the past decades, the scope of this concept has evolved, raising the question of whether Article 197 of the Labour Code remains in compliance with European Union law. Thus, this study aims to analyze the historical evolution of the Court of Justice's case law on this matter, identifying the challenges arising from the adoption of a binary conception of working time, particularly its compatibility with another international treaty ratified by the Portuguese State: the Revised European Social Charter. Furthermore, new issues emerging from the interaction between the Court of Justice's most recent case law and the Portuguese legal system will be explored: can collective bargaining instruments establish less restrictive concepts of working time? Ultimately, what degree of discretion does the Portuguese State have in defining this concept?
The concept of working time adopted by the Portuguese legislator results from the transposition of the provisions set out in Directive 2003/88/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November. However, given the interpretation followed by the Court of Justice of the European Union over the past decades, the scope of this concept has evolved, raising the question of whether Article 197 of the Labour Code remains in compliance with European Union law. Thus, this study aims to analyze the historical evolution of the Court of Justice's case law on this matter, identifying the challenges arising from the adoption of a binary conception of working time, particularly its compatibility with another international treaty ratified by the Portuguese State: the Revised European Social Charter. Furthermore, new issues emerging from the interaction between the Court of Justice's most recent case law and the Portuguese legal system will be explored: can collective bargaining instruments establish less restrictive concepts of working time? Ultimately, what degree of discretion does the Portuguese State have in defining this concept?
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Conceito de tempo de trabalho Diretiva 2003/88/CE Períodos de chamada Contratos coletivos de trabalho Portarias de extensão Concept of working time Directive 2003/88/EC On-call periods Collective bargaining instruments
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