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Abstract(s)
A presente investigação visa conhecer e analisar as características e tendências atuais da rede de proteção social para a terceira idade em Portugal, os conhecimentos e perceções dos idosos relativamente aos benefícios sociais proporcionados por esta rede básica de segurança em Portugal, designadamente o Complemento Solidário para Idosos (CSI), e a experiência destes cidadãos na relação com os serviços sociais, no contexto do acesso aos direitos e apoio social em situações de pobreza e vulnerabilidade social. O itinerário de pesquisa parte da análise da questão da pobreza no seio da população idosa tendo por base a informação oficial disponível, mas mobilizando igualmente as perspetivas analíticas de género, do curso de vida, bem como a autoperceção das pessoas idosas sobre a pobreza, pondo em evidência a multidimensionalidade dos fatores geradores da pobreza entre as pessoas idosas em Portugal e o seu carácter persistente e natureza intergeracional. Através da análise do itinerário, características e tendências da rede de proteção social para a terceira idade em Portugal e da realização de 50 entrevistas a idosos beneficiários do CSI e a profissionais dos serviços de apoio social e atores socias locais, no distrito de Viseu, entendido como observatório social das virtualidades, limites e impacto desta medida de combate à pobreza das pessoas idosas em Portugal. Os resultados revelam, que o CSI é uma medida de proteção social não contributiva importante, principalmente as pessoas idosas sem carreira contributiva ou histórico de contribuições sociais limitado, mas não deixa de constituir um mínimo social de baixo valor, pouco abrangente e pouco inclusivo, que permitiu aliviar a situação de pobreza e privação dos idosos, mas cujo limiar de referência se tem vindo a manter de forma continuada abaixo do limiar de pobreza monetária permanecendo os seus beneficiários numa situação de défice social face a um referencial de rendimento adequado e satisfação de necessidades humanas. Os resultados evidenciam igualmente que o acesso esta medida de proteção social não pode ser dado por garantido quer pela falta de informação, quer pela complexidade do processo de atribuição, critérios de elegibilidade, incluindo a ponderação dos recursos dos descendentes, fatores que contribuíram para o acesso tardio a este benefício social e taxas de non-take up significativas, aspeto que igualmente se verifica, sem prejuízo da sua valoração positiva pelos beneficiários, no que respeita aos benefícios complementares no domínio da saúde.
This research aims to understand and analyse the characteristics and current trends of the social protection network for the elderly in Portugal, the knowledge and perceptions of the elderly regarding the social benefits provided by this basic safety net in Portugal, namely the Solidarity Supplement for the Elderly (CSI), and the experience of these citizens in their relationship with social services, in the context of access to rights and social support in situations of poverty and social vulnerability. The research itinerary starts with an analysis of the issue of poverty among the elderly population, based on the official information available, but also mobilising the analytical perspectives of gender, life course, as well as the self-perception of the elderly about poverty, highlighting the multidimensionality of the factors that generate poverty among elderly in Portugal and its persistent nature and intergenerational nature. By analysing the itinerary, characteristics, and trends of the social protection network for the elderly in Portugal and by carrying out 50 interviews with elderly beneficiaries of the CSI and with professionals from social support services and local social actors in the district of Viseu, the study is seen as a social observatory of the virtualities, limits and impact of this measure to combat poverty among elderly in Portugal. The results show that the CSI is an important non-contributory social protection measure, especially for the elderly with no contributory career or limited history of social contributions, but is still a low-value, not very comprehensive and not very inclusive social minimum, which has made it possible to alleviate the situation of poverty and deprivation among elderly, but whose reference threshold has remained continuously below the monetary poverty threshold, leaving its beneficiaries in social deficit concerning an adequate income standard and human needs satisfaction. The results also show that access to this social protection measure cannot be taken for granted, either due to the lack of information or the complexity of the allocation process, eligibility criteria, including the weighting of descendants' resources, factors that have contributed to late access to this social benefit and significant non-take-up rates, an aspect that is also verified, without prejudice to its positive valuation by beneficiaries, concerning complementary health benefits.
This research aims to understand and analyse the characteristics and current trends of the social protection network for the elderly in Portugal, the knowledge and perceptions of the elderly regarding the social benefits provided by this basic safety net in Portugal, namely the Solidarity Supplement for the Elderly (CSI), and the experience of these citizens in their relationship with social services, in the context of access to rights and social support in situations of poverty and social vulnerability. The research itinerary starts with an analysis of the issue of poverty among the elderly population, based on the official information available, but also mobilising the analytical perspectives of gender, life course, as well as the self-perception of the elderly about poverty, highlighting the multidimensionality of the factors that generate poverty among elderly in Portugal and its persistent nature and intergenerational nature. By analysing the itinerary, characteristics, and trends of the social protection network for the elderly in Portugal and by carrying out 50 interviews with elderly beneficiaries of the CSI and with professionals from social support services and local social actors in the district of Viseu, the study is seen as a social observatory of the virtualities, limits and impact of this measure to combat poverty among elderly in Portugal. The results show that the CSI is an important non-contributory social protection measure, especially for the elderly with no contributory career or limited history of social contributions, but is still a low-value, not very comprehensive and not very inclusive social minimum, which has made it possible to alleviate the situation of poverty and deprivation among elderly, but whose reference threshold has remained continuously below the monetary poverty threshold, leaving its beneficiaries in social deficit concerning an adequate income standard and human needs satisfaction. The results also show that access to this social protection measure cannot be taken for granted, either due to the lack of information or the complexity of the allocation process, eligibility criteria, including the weighting of descendants' resources, factors that have contributed to late access to this social benefit and significant non-take-up rates, an aspect that is also verified, without prejudice to its positive valuation by beneficiaries, concerning complementary health benefits.
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Keywords
Idosos Pobreza e privação material Rede proteção social idosos Complemento solidário para idosos Portugal Elderly Poverty and material deprivation Social protection network for the elderly Solidarity supplement for the elderly