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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento da população exige respostas multidisciplinares e multissectoriais. O aumento da prevalência das doenças crónicas, graves, incapacitantes e progressivas, na sua maioria caracterizadas com necessidades paliativas, corresponde a um desafio social tornando-se num grave problema de Saúde Pública.
Capacitar a Comunidade na resposta às necessidades dos seus membros com doença avançada e em fim de vida e dos seus cuidadores, necessita de uma abordagem de Promoção da Saúde baseada no Empoderamento Comunitário. Empoderar a Comunidade no Cuidado Paliativo, traduz-se num aumento da qualidade de vida dos seus membros que vivem nestas situações de grande vulnerabilidade e de sofrimento. A prática de Comunidade Compassiva surge como uma estratégia útil inerente a este processo. Procura capacitar as Comunidades nos cuidados mediante a criação de uma cultura baseada na compaixão, complementando ao mesmo tempo a abordagem holística que os Cuidados Paliativos procuram a nível comunitário.
Neste sentido, procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento e implementação de um projeto de intervenção comunitária orientado para a Comunidade como cliente. Teve como objetivo geral contribuir para a melhoria da Gestão Comunitária através da promoção da Liderança Comunitária, capacitando a Comunidade Residencial para Pessoas Idosas no cuidado à pessoa com doença avançada e em fim de vida. A intervenção desenvolveu-se segundo a Metodologia do Planeamento da Saúde e o referencial teórico foi suportado pelo Modelo de Avaliação, Intervenção e Empoderamento Comunitário (MAIEC). Para o Diagnóstico de Situação utilizou-se a técnica de focus group. Os dados foram analisados recorrendo-se à técnica de análise de conteúdo. As necessidades identificadas foram priorizadas estando relacionadas com o défice de conhecimento na definição conceptual de Cuidados Paliativos, Empatia, Compaixão e no Processo inerente à Morte e à Comunicação com a pessoa e família. Optou-se pela estratégia de Educação para a Saúde.
A avaliação da intervenção, de acordo com os indicadores de atividade e de resultado estabelecidos, revelou-se positiva. Sugere ganhos significativos na aquisição de conhecimentos, fulcral para o Empoderamento Comunitário.
Population ageing requires multidisciplinary and multisectoral responses. The increased prevalence of chronic, severe, disabling and progressive diseases, mostly characterized with palliative needs, corresponds to a social challenge becoming a serious Public Health problem. Empowering the Community in response to the needs of its members with advanced disease and at the end-of-life situation and their caregivers, requires a Health Promotion approach based on Community Empowerment. Empowering the Community in Palliative Care, translates into an increase in the quality of life of its members living in these situations of great vulnerability and suffering. Compassionate Community practice emerges as a useful strategy inherent in this process. It seeks to empower Communities in care by creating a culture based on compassion, while complementing the holistic approach that Palliative Care seeks at community level. In this sense, was developed and implemented a community intervention project oriented as Community as client. The general objective was to contribute to the improvement of Community Management through the promotion of Community Leadership, empowering the Residential Community for Older People in the care of people with advanced disease and at the end of life. The intervention was developed according to the Health Planning Methodology and the theoretical framework was supported by the Community Evaluation, Intervention and Empowerment Model. For the Diagnosis of the Situation, was used the focus group technique. The data were analysed using the content analysis technique. The identified needs were prioritized being related to the lack of knowledge in the conceptual definition of Palliative Care, Empathy, Compassion and in the Process inherent to Death and Communication with the person and family. The Health Education strategy was chosen. The assessment of the intervention, according to the established activity and outcome indicators, turned out quite positive. It suggests significant gains in knowledge acquisition, central to Community Empowerment.
Population ageing requires multidisciplinary and multisectoral responses. The increased prevalence of chronic, severe, disabling and progressive diseases, mostly characterized with palliative needs, corresponds to a social challenge becoming a serious Public Health problem. Empowering the Community in response to the needs of its members with advanced disease and at the end-of-life situation and their caregivers, requires a Health Promotion approach based on Community Empowerment. Empowering the Community in Palliative Care, translates into an increase in the quality of life of its members living in these situations of great vulnerability and suffering. Compassionate Community practice emerges as a useful strategy inherent in this process. It seeks to empower Communities in care by creating a culture based on compassion, while complementing the holistic approach that Palliative Care seeks at community level. In this sense, was developed and implemented a community intervention project oriented as Community as client. The general objective was to contribute to the improvement of Community Management through the promotion of Community Leadership, empowering the Residential Community for Older People in the care of people with advanced disease and at the end of life. The intervention was developed according to the Health Planning Methodology and the theoretical framework was supported by the Community Evaluation, Intervention and Empowerment Model. For the Diagnosis of the Situation, was used the focus group technique. The data were analysed using the content analysis technique. The identified needs were prioritized being related to the lack of knowledge in the conceptual definition of Palliative Care, Empathy, Compassion and in the Process inherent to Death and Communication with the person and family. The Health Education strategy was chosen. The assessment of the intervention, according to the established activity and outcome indicators, turned out quite positive. It suggests significant gains in knowledge acquisition, central to Community Empowerment.
Description
Keywords
Comunidade compassiva Cuidados paliativos Promoção da saúde Empoderamento comunitário Compassionate community Palliative care Health promotion Community empowerment