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- PuReWidgets: a programming toolkit for interactive public display applicationsPublication . Cardoso, Jorge C. S.; José, Rui
- Design considerations for application selection and control in multi-user public displaysPublication . Taivan, Constantin; José, Rui; Silva, Bruno; Elhart, Ivan; Cardoso, Jorge C. S.Urban spaces are increasingly embedded with various types of public digital displays. Many of these displays can be subject to multi-user interactions and support a broad range of applications. A fundamental implication emerging from the interactive nature of those applications is that users should have access to appropriate selection and control techniques that would allow them to drive the way applications are shown and used in the respective environment. Such techniques should enable each user to reason and express intentions about the system behavior, while also dealing with concurrent requests from multiple users in a way that is fair and clear. In this study, we aim to inform the definition of novel techniques for application selection and control in pervasive display environments that can address the above challenges. Drawing inspiration from traditional GUI interaction concepts we developed and deployed a public display system that supports multiple applications and is able to receive explicit content presentation requests from multiple viewers. Based on the experiment observations and interviews with the participants, we reached a set of design considerations for future pervasive displays environments that are open to third party applications providers and allow the audience to influence content presentation.
- Media sharing across public display networksPublication . José, Rui; Cardoso, Jorge C. S.; Hong, JasonIn this work, we consider the scenario of an open display network in which people can post their content to a potentially large set of public displays. This raises the key challenge of how to associate that content with the displays that may provide a more meaningful context for its presentation. The main contribution of this work is a novel understanding of how different properties of the media sharing scenarios may impact their perceived value. We have conceived 24 media sharing scenarios that represent different combinations of three independent variables: content locativeness, the personal nature of content and the scope in which content is being shared. We then invited 100 participants to express their perception of the appropriateness of those scenarios. The results indicate a clear preference for content that is both personal and locative, something that is in strike contrast with the prevailing content on current digital signage networks.
- Dimensions of Situatedness for Digital Public DisplaysPublication . José, Rui; Otero, Nuno; Cardoso, Jorge C. S.
- Evaluation of a programming toolkit for interactive public display applicationsPublication . Cardoso, Jorge C. S.; José, RuiInteraction is repeatedly pointed out as a key enabling element towards more engaging and valuable public displays. Still, most digital public displays today do not support any interactive features. We argue that this is mainly due to the lack of efficient and clear abstractions that developers can use to incorporate interactivity into their applications. As a consequence, interaction represents a major overhead for developers, and users are faced with inconsistent interaction models across different displays. This paper describes the results of the evaluation of a widget toolkit for generalized interaction with public displays. Our toolkit was developed for web-based applications and it supports multiple interaction mechanisms, automatically generated graphical interfaces, asynchronous events and concurrent interaction. We have evaluated the toolkit along various dimensions - system performance, API usability, and real-world deployment - and we present and discuss the results in this paper.
- User expectations for media sharing practices in open display networksPublication . José, Rui; Cardoso, Jorge C. S.; Hong, JasonOpen Display Networks have the potential to allow many content creators to publish their media to an open-ended set of screen displays. However, this raises the issue of how to match that content to the right displays. In this study, we aim to understand how the perceived utility of particular media sharing scenarios is affected by three independent variables, more specifically: (a) the locativeness of the content being shared; (b) how personal that content is and (c) the scope in which it is being shared. To assess these effects, we composed a set of 24 media sharing scenarios embedded with different treatments of our three independent variables. We then asked 100 participants to express their perception of the relevance of those scenarios. The results suggest a clear preference for scenarios where content is both local and directly related to the person that is publishing it. This is in stark contrast to the types of content that are commonly found in public displays, and confirms the opportunity that open displays networks may represent a new media for self-expression. This novel understanding may inform the design of new publication paradigms that will enable people to share media across the display networks.