Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-10-22"
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- Implicações das equipas educativas nas aprendizagens dos professores e nas práticas de sala de aulaPublication . Pinheiro, Generosa Pinto Silva Vilela; Alves, José MatiasNas últimas décadas, a colaboração entre os professores tem sido objeto de estudo a nível global, e a literatura tem demonstrado que a maioria dos docentes já colabora entre si e parece apresentar uma mentalidade mais colegial e colaborativa. Porém, a colaboração realiza-se numa gramática organizacional espartilhada e rígida, sendo um conceito complexo, que pode concretizar-se de diferentes formas, dependendo do contexto em que ocorre, dos seus participantes, da intensidade das diferentes interações, do seu conteúdo e objetivos. Assim, procuramos, neste estudo, compreender o tipo de interações colaborativas existente entre professores a trabalhar em equipas educativas, assim como os seus efeitos na sua aprendizagem e nas práticas de sala de aula. Nesse sentido, adotamos um paradigma de investigação tendencialmente qualitativo, que operacionalizamos através de um estudo de caso, em que conjugamos uma abordagem quali-quanti. Para analisarmos a frequência e amplitude das interações entre os professores, optamos por uma estatística descritiva, que submetemos a uma análise e interpretação estrutural e semântica. Recorremos, também, a uma abordagem qualitativa, no sentido de aprofundarmos alguns contextos singulares e a perspetiva de atores individuais: diretor; coordenadores das equipas educativas; professores; técnicas educacionais; e alunos. Feita a análise de dados, concluímos que continuam a predominar, nas equipas educativas, práticas de colaboração simples, baseadas essencialmente no intercâmbio de informação e materiais, num contexto de colaboração artificial, confortável, balcanizada, debilmente convergente e escassamente ativa, sendo, ainda, raros os momentos de coconstrução. Estas dinâmicas colaborativas podem estar a limitar uma aprendizagem profunda dos professores e a explicar a mudança ténue e lenta das práticas de sala de aula.
- Os jovens e a igreja na vivência pastoral contemporâneaPublication . Costa, Saturninho da; Rodrigues, Luís Miguel FigueiredoEste trabalho é um estudo do magistério desde oPapa João Paulo II até o Papa Francisco que estão dirigidas para osjovens e a Igreja na vivência pastoral contemporânea. O estudo desenvolvese no domínio sobretudo as mensagens das jornadas mundiais que os Papas, tendo como objeto de estudo as Jornadas mundiais instituídas pelos Papas. Investigandoos documentos centrais das Jornadas Mundiais da Juventude e os conteúdos fundamentais, procura descobrir-se a atualidade da mensagem pastoral do Papa aos jovens, confrontando com o perfil da identidade de juventude hodierna. A Jornada Mundial nasceu em Roma, no ano pastoral 1984/1985, com a finalidade de contribuir para a evangelização dos jovens. Celebrou-se a Jornada Mundial da Juventude (JMJ) inicialmente de três em três anos nas grandes cidades escolhidas pelo Papa e articulando-se coma Jornada diocesana em diversas dioceses no Domingo de Ramos. Este evento estimulou milhares de jovens e apresenta-se como uma fonte importante para a pastoral juvenil conformea temática preferida para o ano. Sendo assim, as Jornadas mundiais podem inspirar formas de evangelização dos jovens. As mensagens das Jornadas refletem uma visão do mundo, da pessoa humana, as identidades juvenis e da graça de Deus. Subjacente às mensagens dos Papas, desde João Paulo II até Francisco, observa-se, nas Jornadas, a centralidade do tema da promoção da dignidade da pessoa humana. O Papa dirige-se aos jovens para que não tenham medo, pedindo o empenho de todos na promoção da paz diante das divisões sociais, na construção da civilizaçãodo amor, na defesa dos valores diante da cultura da morte. Chama a atenção para os valores superiores espirituais, como a liberdade, a justiça, o amor e a responsabilidade.
- Exploring celebrity endorsements : a comparative analysis of football and sport climbing for brand image enhancementPublication . Rozsnyói, Soma; Romeiro, PauloThe main goal of this study is to examine the effect of celebrity endorsement on brand image while comparing this between one of the most popular sports, football, and a relatively niche sport, sports climbing. The research also explores whether and how the status of a celebrity endorser (active or retired) and the popularity of the sports athlete can influence the perception of the consumers of brand image. A quantitative approach was used in the form of an online survey to gather relevant data targeting specific audiences of both sports, which was later analyzed. The findings showed that active sports athletes have a more favorable impact on the brand image than retired athletes in both football and sports climbing. Furthermore, the study revealed that while sports popularity can influence the brand image, familiarity with the athlete has an important role as well. These insights indicate that marketers should advertise their brands with still-active athletes. Moreover, marketers should consider the target audience's familiarity with the athlete to enhance brand image. This study adds to the limited literature on niche sports endorsement strategies via the example of sports climbing and offers relevant knowledge for brands in choosing effective endorsers.
- Uma análise integrada da influência do stress na tomada de decisão social através de vinhetas empáticasPublication . Batista, Cristian Mendonça; Silva, Clédna Patrícia de OliveiraEste estudo investiga a relação entre stress, empatia e tomada de decisão social. O stress é uma resposta natural do corpo a desafios emocionais, onde pode afetar negativamente a saúde física e mental, assim como o funcionamento cognitivo, particularmente na tomada de decisões sociais. A pesquisa parte da hipótese de que níveis elevados de empatia, medidos por um instrumento de autorrelato, estão associados a padrões de resposta mais empáticos em contextos sociais, enquanto o stress agudo induzido por tarefas específicas pode reduzir essa capacidade. A amostra foi composta por 28 participantes, estudantes de Psicologia, divididos em grupos experimental e controle. O grupo experimental enfrentou uma tarefa de indução de stress, enquanto o controle realizou uma tarefa neutra. As respostas dos participantes foram avaliadas em termos de empatia e tomada de decisão social, utilizando vinhetas com conteúdo emocional negativo Este estudo contribui para a compreensão das dinâmicas entre stress, empatia e tomada de decisão social, oferecendo insights cruciais para a promoção de ambientes mais colaborativos e resilientes, com benefícios para a saúde mental e a eficácia nas relações interpessoais.
- Attitudes of young adults toward meat consumption and effects on preferences for meat substitutes : a cross-cultural study of Germany and South KoreaPublication . Schwarze, Anna Sophie; Costa, AnaThe environmental impact of beef production on greenhouse gas emissions requires urgent changes in global dietary behaviours. Young adults play a crucial role in this transition due to their growing environmental awareness and influential role on societal behaviour. This thesis examines young adults9 attitudes toward meat consumption in Germany and South Korea, focusing on how the contradictory trends in per capita meat consumption apply to this age group, the factors influencing these behaviours, and the resulting preferences for meat substitutes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving quantitative and qualitative analysis. A total of 279 participants (211 Germans, 68 South Koreans) were surveyed, assessing factors like meat attachment, consumption patterns, cultural influences, food neophobia, health perceptions, and environmental awareness. Key findings showed that South Koreans consume meat more frequently than Germans (4-6 times vs. 2.3 times per week) and have a higher mean Meat Attachment Index (3.48/5 vs. 2.90/5). Additionally, 61.8% of South Koreans preferred cultured meat over plant-based substitutes, while Germans were indifferent. Qualitative insights reveal that in South Korea, meat remains strongly tied to cultural and sensory attributes, while Germans associate meat more with environmental concerns, showing greater openness to substitutes. The study suggests cross-country tailored strategies to promote sustainable diets among young adults, contributing to global efforts to reduce the environmental impact of food consumption.
- Exploring the sin stock premium : a comparative analysis across regions and industriesPublication . Strüwe, Jakob; Venter, ZoëThis paper investigates the consistent outperformance of sin stocks - companies in sectors such as gaming, tobacco, and alcohol - relative to peers and the market. The presence of a sin stock premium has previously been debated; some studies found abnormal returns, while others linked the outperformance to traditional risk factors. To assess whether a sin premium exists in modern markets, I run a number of time-series regressions including the Fama-French models using data from 2000 to 2023. My results confirm a sin stock premium. When comparing US and European sin stocks, the former exhibit a noticeably higher premium. This is consistent with other research that found variations in market dynamics and investor behaviour by geography. Furthermore, I investigate the industry-level performance of sin stocks. Although the size of the sin stock premium varies, the results demonstrate continuous outperformance in each of the three industries. This analysis supports the hypothesis that sin stocks provide abnormal returns that are not entirely explained by conventional risk factors.
- Is the future of automotive green(ish)? : a longitudinal patent analysis on the impact of regulation, technology and demand on different shades of green innovations in the automotive sector across OECD countriesPublication . Pierangeli, Tommaso Vincenzo Carlo; Rezazadeh, Arash; Bohnsack, RenéThis thesis investigates the key determinants of eco-innovation within the automotive industry, specifically focusing on whether and to what extent the sector is transitioning from the existing Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) technology paradigm to a paradigm based on Electric Vehicle (EV) technologies. Innovation is measured using patent data as a proxy, with paradigm-destroying innovations classified as "green" and paradigm-enhancing innovations as "greenish," based on patent classes. The analysis focuses on three major drivers of eco-innovation: regulation push/pull, technology push, and demand pull. The study employs a comprehensive quantitative approach based on a country-level panel dataset of 34 OECD countries from 2005 to 2021, developed specifically for the research, compiling data from several sources, including OECD, IEA, and OICA. Findings reveal that regulation push/pull factors, especially non-market mechanisms, and demand pull factors, significantly drive paradigm-destroying innovations. In contrast, technology push factors appear to foster innovations that enhance existing ICE technologies. The study highlights the need for integrated, clear and reliable policy frameworks, consumer and market incentives, and complementary R&D support to stimulate the shift toward the technological paradigm based on EV technology.
- Comparative analysis of green bond issuance impact on stock prices : European utility sector vs. overall marketPublication . Gomoll, Christian Karl Heinrich; Venter, ZoëThis study investigates the impact of green bond issuance on stock prices within the European utility sector, compared to the broader market. Utilizing an event study methodology, the research analyzes data from 2008 to 2024, employing the Fama-French Three-Factor and Five-Factor models to examine performance dynamics. The analysis includes both short [-5,5] and long [-10,10] event windows to capture immediate and extended market reactions. Results indicate a generally positive market reaction to green bond announcements, particularly in the broader market. However, the utility sector shows a more complex response, highlighting the importance of sector-specific factors. Regression analyses reveal that green bond issuance significantly influences Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CARs), with firm size being a notable positive driver. The study underscores the necessity for tailored strategies in different sectors when issuing green bonds and suggests that future research should explore additional factors and regional variations to enhance the understanding of green bond impacts on financial performance and sustainability efforts.
- The role of gender identity in meat substitutes consumption : exploring the influence of social norms on dietary choicesPublication . Poli, Francesca; Saccardi, AlbertoGlobal meat consumption poses environmental, public health, and animal welfare challenges, making the shift toward meat substitutes crucial. The traditional association of meat with masculinity hinders this transition, leading to higher meat consumption, stronger attachment to meat, and negative attitudes toward vegetarianism among males and those with strong traditional masculine identities. This dissertation investigates the influence of gender identity on meat substitute consumption and evaluates the effectiveness of social norm-based messaging (in-group, dissociative, and aspirational) in encouraging these dietary shifts. Quantitative methods are employed, collecting primary data through an online experimental survey from Italian individuals aged 18 to 67 of all genders. The survey investigates the relationship between gender identity and meat substitute consumption and evaluates the impact of social norm messages on consumption intentions, willingness to pay, and willingness to participate in an experiment (non-hypothetical consumption). Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS software. Findings indicate significant relationships between gender identity and meat substitute consumption frequency, with females consistently consuming more than males. Masculinity was found to directly decrease the consumption of pulses and pulses products and indirectly reduce tofu and vegetable meat consumption, mediated by attitudes toward animal welfare, healthy diet, and environmental concerns. Femininity, on the other hand, directly increased the frequency of tofu, pulses, vegetable meat, and pulse products. Unexpectedly, social norm messaging did not significantly influence any dependent variables for either gender, suggesting that food preferences are deeply ingrained, requiring alternative strategies to promote meat substitute adoption. Managerial implications and future research directions are discussed.
- Revisiting the size-effect in mergers and acquisitions : four decades of evidence on the underperformance of large firmsPublication . Forgó, Zoltán; Rossi, StefanoThe underperformance of large acquirers compared to smaller ones is well documented in literature. In this study I examine the value-creation of 22,588 acquisitions in the US between 1980 and 2023. I find on average a positive, 0.86% abnormal return for all bidders; however, when considering value-weighted returns, the same average portrays a much more striking value-destruction of -0.45%. I also document a net of 262 billion dollars of aggregate market capitalization being wiped out due to acquisitions in the past four decades. My dissertation corroborates the findings of previous studies on the existence of the so-called size-effect. I find a significant, -1.08% difference between the returns of large and small acquirers on announcement. This difference cannot be explained by a wide range of variables used for predicting bidder returns in literature, including target size. My results are also robust to choices made in the research design and hold up to a high statistical standard.