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Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-09-29"

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  • Optimization of enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) leaves: evaluation of mixed-culture fermentation
    Publication . Puzeryte, Viktorija; Martusevice, Paulina; Sousa, Sérgio; Balciunaitiene, Aiste; Viskelis, Jonas; Gomes, Ana Maria; Viskelis, Pranas; Cesoniene, Laima; Urbonaviciene, Dalia
    Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves possess a remarkable amount of polyphenols that could serve as a natural remedy in various applications. In comparison, numerous techniques, such as conventional and high-pressure techniques, are available for extracting the bioactive fractions from sea buckthorn leaves (SBL). However, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of SBL has not been comprehensively studied. The aim of this study was to optimize critical EAE parameters of SBL using the cellulolytic enzyme complex, Viscozyme L, to obtain a high-yield extract with a high concentration of bioactive compounds. In order to determine the optimal conditions for EAE, the study employed a central composite design and response surface methodology to analyze the effects of four independent factors (pH, temperature, extraction time, and enzyme concentration) on two different responses. Our findings indicated that under optimal conditions (3:15 h extraction, temperature 45 °C, pH 4.9, and 1% Viscozyme L v/w of leaves DW), EAE yielded 28.90 g/100 g DW of the water-soluble fraction. Furthermore, the EAE-optimized liquid extract was continuously fermented using an ancient fermentation starter, Tibetan kefir grains, which possess lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and have significant potential for use in biopreservation. Interestingly, the results indicated various potential prebiotic characteristics of LAB. Additionally, alterations in the cell wall morphology of the SBL residue after EAE were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study significantly optimized EAE parameters for sea buckthorn leaves, providing a promising natural source of bioactive compounds for various applications, such as nutraceuticals, functional foods, and high-value products.
    2023-09-29Journal article Open access Show more
  • Os leigos no processo sinodal da Diocese de Cabinda (2006-2018) : desafios teológicos e pastorais
    Publication . Pêngado, José Bassanza Fuite; Eleutério, João José Marques
    A teologia como saber sistemático da fé, continua a refletir e aprofundar os acontecimentos da comunidade crente. Deste modo, o estudo da sinodalidade será o foco do percurso. Na eclesiologia contemporânea mais recente, a sinodalidade é mais uma redescoberta da Igreja. Trata-se de uma caminhada comunitária e escuta a Palavra de Deus. Convida-nos a fazer o discernimento dos sinais dos tempos na comunidade e no mundo (GS 4). Motiva-nos para identificarmos os novos campos da missão. Escutarmos o que o “Espírito diz às Igrejas” (Ap 2,7). A sinodalidade é um processo, um estilo de comunhão. É missão (serviço) e unidade da Igreja de Deus. A sinodalidade demonstra o rosto de Igreja ao mundo, uma Igreja concreta na história humana, operando em nome de Jesus. Nela, participam os pastores, os fiéis, que procuram responder aos anseios e problemas, que afligem a humanidade através do diálogo, da escuta recíproca e da complementaridade. A sinodalidade tem como finalidade, gerar o ambiente de participação ativa, consciente e plena do povo de Deus. Reafirmamos que, Jesus Cristo fez de nós judeus e gregos, uma só família. Revelou o mistério da pessoa humana (GS 22). Pelo que, os leigos têm a missão secular para o bem da humanidade. Entretanto, são convidados a dar testemunho como “sal da terra e luz do mundo” (Mt 5,13). Por fim, a Diocese de Cabinda pode ganhar o novo ardor missionário através da liturgia, da cultura digital, da educação e da promoção dos direitos humanos.
    2023-09-29Other Open access Show more
  • Essential components from plant source oils: a review on extraction, detection, identification, and quantification
    Publication . Rahim, Muhammad Abdul; Ayub, Hudda; Sehrish, Aqeela; Ambreen, Saadia; Khan, Faima Atta; Itrat, Nizwa; Nazir, Anum; Shoukat, Aurbab; Shoukat, Amna; Ejaz, Afaf; Özogul, Fatih; Bartkiene, Elena; Rocha, João Miguel
    Oils derived from plant sources, mainly fixed oils from seeds and essential oil from other parts of the plant, are gaining interest as they are the rich source of beneficial compounds that possess potential applications in different industries due to their preventive and therapeutic actions. The essential oils are used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture industries as they possess antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Plant based oils contain polyphenols, phytochemicals, and bioactive compounds which show high antioxidant activity. The extractions of these oils are a crucial step in terms of the yield and quality attributes of plant oils. This review paper outlines the different modern extraction techniques used for the extraction of different seed oils, including microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), cold-pressed extraction (CPE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), and pulsed electric field-assisted extraction (PEF). For the identification and quantification of essential and bioactive compounds present in seed oils, different modern techniques—such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography–infrared spectroscopy (GC-IR), atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), and electron microscopy (EM)—are highlighted in this review along with the beneficial effects of these essential components in different in vivo and in vitro studies and in different applications. The primary goal of this research article is to pique the attention of researchers towards the different sources, potential uses and applications of oils in different industries.
    2023-09-29Journal article Open access Show more
  • The criminalization of the ransom payment in ransomware attacks : a comparative analysis under common and civil law countries
    Publication . Silva, Catarina Carneiro Ferreira da; Freitas, Pedro Miguel Fernandes
    2023-09-29Master thesis Open access Show more