Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2012-09-17"
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- Retratamento endodôntico a propósito de casos clínicosPublication . Dias, Diana Ribeiro Barros Rocha; Paulo, Manuel F.; Martins, Miguel André DuarteApesar de todos os esforços implementados no sentido de aperfeiçoar os tratamentos endodônticos e desenvolver novas técnicas, o insucesso é expectável em cerca de 23% dos casos. Strindberg considera fracasso os tratamentos de dentes com rarefacções ósseas periapicais que aumentam, permanecem inalteradas, apenas diminuem de tamanho ou aparecem após o tratamento endodôntico. Estes casos devem-se à falha do tratamento endodôntico inicial, tornando-se necessário corrigir procedimentos defeituosos ou erradicar microrganismos persistentes. No entanto, verifica-se, entre profissionais ,uma grande variabilidade de opiniões quanto à realização do retratamento e das técnicas de obturação a usar. O insucesso endodôntico tem uma etiologia multifactorial, sendo que as causas da falência da terapêutica podem dividir-se em infiltração apical, erros operatórios e erros na seleção de casos. Geralmente, a maior causa de insucesso é a sobrevivência de microrganismos na porção apical do dente, especialmente o Enterococcus faecalis, que apresenta resistência ao hidróxido de cálcio. Cada caso clínico deve ser avaliado de maneira individual e o plano de tratamento deve ser adequado à causa do insucesso de cada um e a variados factores pré operatórios que ditarão o tipo e a exequibilidade do retratamento endodôntico. Variadas técnicas foram desenvolvidas para a desobturação canalar, estando a sua utilização a cargo da preferência e subjectividade de cada operador. Com a realização da presente monografia, pretendeu-se estabelecer um paralelismo entre a literatura e a parte clínica e acompanhar a evolução clínica de cada caso, obtendo conclusões dos mesmos
- Multiple equilibria in bidding fee auctionsPublication . Castel-Branco, Miguel Moraes; Branco, FernandoThis dissertation presents a game theoretic approach to bidding fee auctions with independent private values. I analyze these auctions under two bidding window rules. In a sequential bidding auction the round moves forward immediately after a bid was submitted. In a multiple round auction, the round moves forward only after all players have submitted their action. Under the assumption that the bidders may either have a low value or a high value for the object, I show that multiple equilibria, with relevantly different characteristics, may arise under either rule. Moreover, the rule that maximizes the seller’s revenue depends on the the probability of a high value bidder.
- Aplicação de resinas compostas em situações de severo envolvimento estético : a propósito de um caso clínicoPublication . Loureiro, Teresa Maria Sousa; Leitão, Jorge; Barros, Vâniahipodontia é uma anomalia de desenvolvimento dentário rara e que caracteriza pela ausência de dentes, condicionando um impacto funcional e estético relevante. Afeta com maior frequência indivíduos de raça branca e os dentes permanentes. A sua etiologia permanece por compreender completamente, podendo resultar de fatores ambientais ou distúrbios genéticos. A sua apresentação pode ser isolada ou parte de um síndrome. O tratamento atual pode implicar recurso a próteses dentárias, implantes dentários, correção ortodôntica e restauração direta estética. O propósito desta tese é apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre as técnicas de restauração diretas atuais da Dentisteria Operatória no tratamento da hipodontia, a partir do estudo de um caso clínico de hipodontia grave. Perante a abordagem tradicional protético-ortodôntica apresenta-se um caso clínico de hipodontia com elevado comprometimento estético que demonstra idêntico grau de sucesso terapêutico com o recurso a técnicas de restauração direta da Dentisteria Operatória moderna
- Estudo comparativo da rugosidade superficial de resinas compostas submetidas a diferentes métodos de polimentoPublication . Sousa, Bernardo Luz Nunes de; Leitão, Jorge; Barros, VâniaINTRODUÇÃO: A superfície das resinas compostas deve ser lisa para prevenir a acumulação de placa bacteriana, diminuindo a possibilidade de formação de cárie secundária, descoloração, inflamação gengival e desgaste oclusal. OBJECTIVO: Avaliar a rugosidade superficial de duas resinas compostas de uso direto, sujeitas a dois métodos de polimento distintos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Dezoito dentes anteriores humanos foram preparados com uma cavidade no terço incisal e restaurados aleatoriamente com duas resinas compostas (Heliomolar®, Ivoclar Vivadent Inc., Principado do Liechtenstein - micropartículada; Enamel Plus HRi®, Micerium S.p.A., Itália - nanohíbrida). Cada espécie de ambos os grupos recebeu um de três tipos de tratamento superficial: sem tratamento (grupo controlo - matriz de poliéster), acabamento e polimento com sistema Sof-LexTM, acabamento e polimento com sistema Enamel Plus SHINY®. A rugosidade superficial foi determinada por rugosimetria. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente com um nível de significância de 0.05. RESULTADOS: Para todos os materiais testados, as menores rugosidades foram obtidas com a utilização da matriz de poliéster no grupo controlo (p<0.05). O sistema de acabamento e polimento Enamel Plus SHINY® produziu rugosidades inferiores ao sistema Sof-LexTM (p<0.05). Ambos os sistemas de polimento produziram rugosidades significativamente mais baixas quando utilizados na resina composta Enamel Plus HRi® comparativamente à sua utilização com o compósito Heliomolar®. Exceptuando o grupo controlo, os níveis de rugosidade mais baixos foram observados com a utilização do polimento Enamel Plus SHINY® no compósito Enamel Plus HRi®. CONCLUSÃO: O sistema de pastas Enamel Plus SHINY® parece produzir rugosidades superficiais mais baixas que os discos Sof-LexTM, sendo este resultado mais evidente no compósito Enamel Plus HRi®.
- A Vida é Bela : selling dreams with experience marketingPublication . Pereira, Daniela Ramos; Valente, MárioIn 2002 the experience world was changing in Portugal, when António Quina founded the company A Vida É Bela. Not only Quina found a business opportunity but also a chance to change his own life. Unemployed and without resources, but with a strong vision and belief, he launched the first experience gift company in Portugal. Today, A Vida É Bela is leader in the Iberian market and is looking for growth in Brazil. Quina’s company was a special driver to the tourism and leisure industry, creating a new paradigm. Moreover, it potentiated the promotion of new business, revolutionized the tourism and leisure selling way, introduced a new gift form, segmented the offer and materialized experiences making them accessible to the regular customer. Besides the case study of A Vida É Bela, the following thesis makes an analysis of the experience marketing concept, a basic concept of the company. Furthermore, the case describes how A Vida É Bela was born and the path ran towards the current success. The final objective was to develop, based on the information provided, conclusions about the future of A Vida É Bela: ways to enlarge the customer retention and satisfaction, internationalization options and suggestions of new ideas. The thesis was based on the knowledge of the concepts behind A Vida É Bela and on information provided by contact with the company. The case is a real Portuguese entrepreneurship example with several particularities; it can be used as a tool to understand the strategic decisions of a company from zero to the success and consequent internationalization.
- Fair value : the Greek sovereign debt within the French banking sectorPublication . Oliveira, Maria João Cerveira Santiago; Azenhas, PauloThe core topic of this dissertation encompasses the impacts, magnitudes and possible treatments of Sovereign Debt valued at Fair Value within financial institutions. The European Sovereign Debt Crisis had heavily affected the economic and financial environment and consequently, the banking sector is facing some challenges to handle it. The accounting treatment and classification of Sovereign Debt is under the scope of IAS 39 – Financial Instruments, Recognition and Measurements. Considering this scenario, the purpose of the case is to understand the effect of the Greek Sovereign Debt crisis in the three most exposed French banks. Actually, the critical theme is to apprehend how each bank embraced the international accounting standards and the fair value concept in their financial statements. The different adoptions taken by banks are justified by the prudential ratios that banks are compelled to achieve, under the strictly regulated banking environment. All in all, from my analysis and considering that the three banks are under the same supervisor, and from the same country, Greek Sovereign Debt was classified under three different captions and almost in its entirely according to internal models - Fair Value Level 3. Notwithstanding, the mark-to-market approach is indeed the best solution for the financial sector, but regulators and standards policies must unravel the current shortfalls, under more mandatory disclosures, guided and exhaustive standards and stricter capital requirements in order to restore market’s confidence and reach a healthy banking sector.
- Asset price distributions and risk aversion : what can we learn from options market?Publication . Ventura, Joana Catarina Pereira; Machado, FernandoThis dissertation infers descriptive statistical measures from the estimated risk-neutral probability density functions derived from short-term out-of-the money monthly S&P 500 option prices in respective precrisis and crisis periods. The generalized beta distribution of the second kind, the mixture of lognormal distribution and the lognormal polynomial distribution comprise the three parametric methods used to estimate such density functions. The three estimated risk-neutral probability density functions tend to be negatively skewed, leptokurtic and exhibit roughly equal distribution mean values. The constant relative risk aversion coefficient is computed through the method used by Liu et al. (2007) for quarterly risk-neutral densities. The pre-crisis constant relative risk aversion value is approximately 2.672 with a MLN distribution and 2.666 with a GB2 distribution, compared to constant relative risk aversion of 2.507 and 2.477, respectively, during the crisis period. The real-world densities became less skewed, less kurtic and contain a higher first-moment value than the risk-neutral densities. Results are fairly consistent with available academic literature.
- Limiano, the cheese that is part of the familyPublication . Carvalho, Maria Mafalda Martins da Cunha Nobre de; Assunção, João Borges de; Oliveira, SandraThis case study is based on a Portuguese company, which has been leader in the Flamengo cheese market for more than 50 years. Besides having high rates of notoriety, Limiano and its family values are cherished by all Portuguese. The students will undoubtedly identify quickly with the problems of the company and hence take more pleasure solving this case. This teaching case is intended to undergraduate and graduate level attending marketing related courses at a beginners’ level. It tries to recreate the day-to-day life of a junior marketer full of unexpected decisions and dilemmas. By putting themselves in his shoes, students can understand the main responsibilities of the marketing and sales departments, the different subjects these are in charge and the existent interactions in the industry, with other companies or departments. This case can definitely help students decide on their future studies or even career path. Finally, this case retraces a real and very up-to-date challenge faced by most of companies in the consumer goods sector: the increase of private labels in the distribution channels and the strategies to fight them. In 2010, Limiano implemented a couple of successful strategies that allowed them to recover their lost market share against the distributor brands’. The approach used by Limiano, a customer-obsessed company, can be transposed to other corporations facing the same defiance in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods sector.
- Abandoning the online shopping cart before finalizing the purchase : influences form attitudes, subjective norms and internet experience : a study with contributions from the theory of reasoned actionPublication . Fernandes, Bárbara; Mead, Nicole L.This thesis addresses the problem of online shopping carts abandonment from the point of view of the consumer behaviour: what drives consumers into completing versus abandoning the online purchase? This is analyzed by the means of a questionnaire, distributed online to a heterogeneous sample, which aims to reduce the sampling bias and ensure a better representation of the online shoppers’ community. It is hypothesized that internet experience, attitudes and subjective norms have a predictive power in explaining consumers’ intentions to abandon versus to finalize the online purchase. Additionally, it is hypothesized the existence of a behaviour-action gap, leading consumers who originally intended to purchase, to abandon the e-shopping cart. This gap is suggested to be triggered by the intention to procrastinate the purchase. The results show the existence of a positive relationship between internet experience and attitudes towards online shopping. In the same line, consumers with higher attitudes towards e-shopping and higher levels of social influence showed higher intentions to finalize the purchase. Consumers with lower levels of attitudes and social influence showed higher intentions to abandon the purchase. Consumers with higher intentions to abandon the purchase have also admitted to abandon a higher percentage of e-carts. Finally, the intention-action gap is stimulated by the intention to postpone the purchase only when intentions to purchase are negative. However, when the intentions to purchase are positive, online procrastination does not influence abandonment. These results provide insight into the problem of online shopping cart abandonment, and can be applied to the field of online buying behaviour. The results suggest that marketing campaigns targeted at increasing internet experience as well as the attitudes and social influence will decrease e-shopping cart abandonment. However, postponement is not a good predictive of e-shopping cart abandonment for consumers who originally intended to finalize the purchase.
- In-store buying behaviour : memories of forgotten needsPublication . Kanabar, Amrita Dilipkumar Ranchhod; Costa, Ana IsabelThis study aims to better illustrate in-store buying behaviour, in terms of how different stimuli activate parts of shoppers’ brains to remember items that were not part of their shopping plans. The aim is to shed some light on shopper’s attitudes and reactions towards national brands or private labels, the impact of loyalty cards on cardholders’ shopping decisions, how shoppers with company behave differently than solo shoppers, and on the role of consumers’ hedonic and utilitarian motivations in determining shopping behaviour. In order to conduct the analysis proposed on this dissertation, it was used a set of primary data from a study that covered all stages of the consumer decision-making process. Research showed that while shoppers tend to plan their trips, the difference is marginal. Study of unplanned shopping revealed that choices tend to favour national brands. Loyalty cardholders are also revealed to favour national brands. Among those shopping with company, the study found that couples plan their trips more than shoppers who go with their children, extended family or friends. Finally, consumers with hedonic motivations were found to make more instore purchases than shoppers with utilitarian motivations. The results provide important insights for retailers and manufacturers, allowing them to price their products optimally, drive more effective promotions, segment their customers more precisely, and manage their brands and positioning better. A better understanding of shopper’s motivations can help retailers provide better shopping experiences for customers. Ultimately, these actions can result in increased footfall, market share and profits.