Browsing by Author "Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de"
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- Banco Central Europeu: independência e responsabilidadePublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de
- Os benefícios fiscais em PortugalPublication . Grupo de Trabalho para o Estudo dos Benefícios Fiscais; Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Leitão, Alexandra
- Os benefícios fiscais em Portugal: conceitos, metodologia e práticaPublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Leitão, Alexandra Pinto; Gonçalves, Ana; Portugal, António Moura; Reis, Bernardo Sousa; Pinto, Daniel Marques; Nascimento, Rui Dinis
- Business cycles and trends in Germany and Portugal: macroeconomic policy implications in the Euro AreaPublication . Costa, Leonardo; Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Leitão, Alexandra; Paredes, JoséWe describe the neoclassical view of the business cycle by European Institutions in the Euro Area, and derive the stylized facts of business cycles and trends for Germany and Portugal in the period 1991–2018. The data are extracted from the European Commission’s AMECO database. To separate cycle and trend, we use the decomposition available in the AMECO database for the output, and the Hodrick-Prescott filter for the other variables. The results show that the amplitude of the business cycle and persistence of shocks are greater in Portugal than in Germany. They also show that the stylized facts of the business cycles of the two economies are quite different. Moreover, common shocks have asymmetric consequences. In the long run, there has been a convergence of inflation, general government structural balances, and real unit labour costs, but general government consolidated gross debt, fixed investment, and per capita potential GDP have been increasingly diverging, despite the behaviour of real wages and net exports in the two countries. Additionally, temporary shocks have permanent effects on the Portuguese economy. The results raise questions about the place-neutral macroeconomic policy enforced by the European institutions in the Euro Area, particularly in what concerns cohesion Member States.
- As causas da crisePublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de
- A circular economy within a place-based approach as a means to a European full employment policyPublication . Costa, Leonardo; Leitão, Alexandra; Marcelo, Gonçalo Nuno de Bettencourt Coutinho; Martins, Nuno; Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Tavares, Marisa Fernanda FigueiredoThe European Union developed a set of different policies to deal with different problems, such as macroeconomic stability, unemployment, inequality and the environment. However, these problems are interconnected and cannot be adequately addressed without an integrated approach that takes into account the different territories, which is possible within the existing EU institutional framework, as we shall argue while identifying the key European institutions necessary for doing so. But this integrated view has not been adopted so far. We argue that a normative circular conception of the economy provides a more adequate framework for advancing full employment within a place-based integrated approach while articulating the microeconomic, mesoeconomic and macroeconomic levels and/or all governance levels.
- Cultural and Political Determinants of Air QualityPublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Leitão, AlexandraThis paper investigates empirically the determinants of air quality in a large cross-section of countries. We assess air quality by sulfur emissions and, following the literature, we consider three different groups of determinants: economic, political and cultural. We confirm the existence of an EKC for sulfur (inverted-U shaped relation between wealth and pollution). Political determinants are proxied by ethnic or religious fractionalization indexes and the country’s legal origin (we consider five possible legal origins: English common law, French civil law, German civil law, Scandinavian legal system and Socialist legal system). Cultural determinants are assessed by the percentage of a country’s population that belongs to one of the three main religions (Catholic, Muslim or Protestant). Our goal is to establish the economic, political and cultural profile of a country that manages to be efficient in providing good air quality. We conclude that a country will provide higher air quality if it has one or more of the following characteristics: it is ethnic and/or religious homogeneous, it has a German or Scandinavian legal tradition; it is Protestant.
- Economia informal no comércio e restauração: manifestações e soluçõesPublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes de; Silva, Sofia; Rodrigues, Vasco
- Empirical Determinants of Government Efficiency - Exploring the DataPublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes deThis paper is concerned with two things: finding an objective and easily quantifiable measure of government efficiency and testing possible determinants of such quality. As measures of government efficiency we use the ratios of infant mortality rate to health expenditures as a percentage of GDP and the ratios of drop out and illiteracy rates to education expenditures as a percentage of GDP. We assume that government efficiency in providing health and education services depends on economic, political and cultural factors.
- Empirical determinants of government efficiency: a study based on objective indicatorsPublication . Oliveira, Francisca Guedes deThis paper is concerned with two things: finding an objective and easily quantifiable measure of government efficiency and testing possible determinants of government quality. As measures of government efficiency, we used ratios of infant mortality rate to health expenditures as a percentage of GDP, and ratios of drop out and illiteracy rates to education expenditures as a percentage of GDP. We assume that government efficiency in providing health and education services depends on economic, political and cultural factors.
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