Browsing by Author "Novais, Rui Alexandre"
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- Between scylla and charybdis? covid-induced economic pressures threatening the media in PortugalPublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreThe European Commission Vice-President conveyed a worrying diagnosis of the news media in her 2021 speech at the Media4Europe Summit. According to Vĕra Jourová, the pandemic further exacerbated the economic crisis of the press sector that had started well before (EuropeMediaLab, 2021). Adding to the considerable income losses in recent decades, the plunging of the advertising revenues of the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the already grim financial situation experienced by the generality of the media sector (Olsen et al., 2020) and threatened to become an ‘extinction event’ (Ahmed, 2020) particularly to the printed press. As a result of the extraordinary scenario, some countries, like Portugal, introduced a temporary aid measure to cushion the economic impact of the pandemic and support professional news journalism in the public interest. Such government intervention in the form of financial support raised some doubts about their effectiveness and state dependency of the press in the long run, and it unveiled the prevailing split in terms of the economic orientation philosophy of the press firms in facing the media industry problems (Holtz-Bacha, 2021, p.44; Murschetz, 2020). Against this backdrop, this study aims to reveal how the media managers in the Portugal dealt with the problematic decision to whether accept some of the exceptional aid to cope with COVID-induced economic pressures or struggle to survive without some form of public support.
- Divide et Impera? Populist digital anti-media criticismsPublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreThis work aimed to determine how a core ideational dimension of populism and a component of its communicative framework - anti-elitism - was strategically conveyed through tactical attacks on the media via digital platforms.Drawing on a qualitative analysis of the understudied attacks against the pressthrough digital means of a right-wing populist president from the Global Southduring his first year in office, it unpacks the strategic use of digital anti-mediacriticisms of the enemy construction and the polarization of the media. It confirms Twitter as the preferred platform for Jair Bolsonaro’s anti-media attacks right from the outset of the term. The digital attacks portfolio ranged from discrediting media sectors for lying, displaying bias, and being the source of fake news that contradicted its foundational role of accurately informing the public to unduly assuming as an opposition political actor. Besides undermining journalism’s epistemic legitimacy and raising questions about its social role Bolsonaro further committed himself to the enemy construction of the press and only indirectly polarized the news media between friends and foes.
- A game of masks: the communicative performance of the portuguese populist far-rightPublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreThis chapter aims to unpack the game of masks involved in the stagecraft of the far-right populist communicative performance while building an image and messaging from the margins of the conventional political establishment to seek legitimization and integration in it. Indeed, an analysis ranging from the ground-laying phase of the Chega party to being established as the third political force in the country’s parliament reveals Ventura matching most of, if not all, far-right’s populist multidimensional content framing and indicators of communicative style. The repertoire of communicative performance also offers critical evidence of the chameleonic nature of both the ideational and performative populisms across different national contexts.
- Inforpress(ão): as disfuncionalidades da agência cabo-verdiana de notíciasPublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreO artigo versa sobre as implicações da propriedade e financiamento estatais na independência e autonomia das agências nacionais de notícias. Revela que a manutenção da Inforpress na tutela estatal confirma o seu valor estratégico e a lógica subordinada a critérios economicistas em detrimento da eficiência. Num continuum de transição de um modelo de jornalismo autoritário, no período pós-democrático, para a atual propaganda governamental, conclui que a Inforpress não tem sido nem imune à interferência do proprietário, nem independente dos interesses governativos. Por fim, aponta como fator justificativo a concepção enviesada e ultrapassada do modelo de jornalismo para o desenvolvimento, em contraponto e contraciclo com a fase de consolidação democrática em Cabo Verde.
- Liquid populism applied to anti-media hostility: Bauman’s strangeness versus Bolsonaro’s enemy construction of the pressPublication . Novais, Rui Alexandre; Lind, Andreas GonçalvesThis work attempts to deconstruct Jair Bolsonaro’s hostile policy vis-à-vis the Brazilian media during his presidency by applying Zygmunt Bauman’s description of “liquid modernity” and its aversion to “strangeness” as the sociological-philosophical apparatus combined with the presidential-press relationship and the enemy construction dynamics of the communication research. The explorative qualitative empirical analysis of three-dimensional anti-media categories traditionally associated with right-wing populists—the discrediting and blaming of the press and detaching it from the people—throughout the “honeymoon” period of Bolsonaro’s presidency confirmed the decoupling of the traditional presidential-press and media-public relationships. Besides validating the primacy of the logic of consumption over morality, it further corroborated the fiercely adversarial populist policy designed for strangeness rhetoric construction of the media as distrusted “outsider” and “enemy.”
- A ocidentalização das campanhas eleitorais em Cabo Verde: Marginalização e despolitização da cobertura mediática das legislativasPublication . Novais, Rui Alexandre; Maocha, RonyEste artigo propõe uma análise diacrónica comparativa do tratamento noticioso das mais recentes legislativas em Cabo Verde com o intuito de comprovar a existência da marginalização e despolitização da cobertura mediática das campanhas eleitorais. Para além de preencher o vazio em termos da realidade de produção científica cabo-verdiana neste domínio específico, o presente estudo testa a ocorrência de um transfer completo dessas tendências internacionais da comunicação política para o contexto nacional. Com esse fim, adopta uma combinação de metodologias de análise de conteúdo centradas na intensidade e destaque da cobertura, bem como, dos enquadramentos presentes nos textos noticiosos de dois semanários representativos do espectro ideológico do país, com implicações também em termos da seleção do conteúdo noticioso e do estilo e linguagem empregues nos textos jornalísticos. Conclui que tanto a diminuição no volume da atenção jornalística e do destaque conferidos às campanhas, como a prevalência geral dos enquadramentos de corrida de cavalos confirmam o argumento em torno da marginalização e despolitização da cobertura mediática. Não fora o ênfase nos enquadramentos temáticos em detrimento dos episódicos, e verificar-se-ia uma total ocidentalização da cobertura mediática das campanhas eleitorais legislativas em Cabo Verde.
- On the firing line: adversariness in the Portuguese investigative reporting of far-right populismPublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreWhile exploring the uncharted area of the level of adversariness in the investigative reporting of far-right populism, this study aims to identify the kinds of criticisms featuring in the news coverage and determine which of those trace back to the initiative of media professionals. Resorting to a mixed-method comprising content analysis and reconstructive biography of the newsmagazine and tv reporting of the Chega party, it concludes that media dynamics related to the journalistic initiative and the adversarial particularities of investigative reporting account for the frequent and harsh endogenous and exogenous criticisms. Besides initiating the news story, investigative journalists also take the lead in voicing criticisms in the reporting confirming both the enterprise of the investigative reporting and its adversariness towards far-right populism.
- Targeted for being women and reporting on the presidency: gendered-based violence against female journalists by populists in officePublication . Novais, Rui Alexandre; Araújo, VivianeThis study examines the relationship between gender-based violence and the safety of journalists during the age of the populist zeitgeist. It includes an exploratory analysis of the discourses used by Jair Bolsonaro against Brazilian female journalists throughout his presidency. The findings provide evidence of the persistent misogynistic and patriarchal norms and attitudes of right-wing populists, who often target women based on their gender or perceived status to undermine them. The study concludes that Bolsonaro combined derogatory comments about gender and sexuality with attacks on the reputation and morals of female journalists. By leveraging ideologically motivated and culturally entrenched gender stereotypes, he constructed discursive strategies that shaped different identities for Brazilian women journalists. This approach aimed to damage theircredibility and obstruct their ability to perform their journalistic duties effectively, especially in the politically complex reporting environment. Additionally, it served as a warning to all journalists - both female and male - who might consider publishing critical or negative coverage of his administration.
- Veracity pledge or discreditation strategy? Accusations of legacy disinformation in presidential campaigns in Cabo VerdePublication . Novais, Rui AlexandreThis study constitutes an original contribution to the understanding of how disinformation gains traction in election campaigning by dwelling on yet to be studied case of the 2016 presidential elections in Cabo Verde. Based upon the results of a qualitative analysis focused on the dynamics of legacy disinformation–that is, false or misleading information diffused by the candidates themselves–across platforms, it concludes that besides not being channel-specific, the incumbency and frontrunner status of one of the candidates can be seen as a specific driver of disinformation used to facilitate the election success.