Browsing by Author "Gaspar, Tânia"
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- Biopsychosocial factors that influence the purpose in life among working adults and retireesPublication . Coelho, Anabela; Lopes, Manuel; Barata, Marta; Sousa, Sofia; Goes, Margarida; Bia, Florbela; Dias, Ana; João, Ana; Lusquinhos, Leonel; Oliveira, Henrique; Gaspar, TâniaThis study aimed to identify and characterize biopsychosocial factors that impact the purpose in life (PIL) among adults that are working or already retired. This cross-sectional study includes a sample of 1330 participants, of whom 62.2% were female, with ages ranging from 55 and 84 years, with a mean of 61.93 years and a standard deviation of 7.65. Results suggest that the education level, stress, spirituality (religion) and optimism, social support from friends, and quality of life related to physical health seem to contribute positively to the PIL for both groups. However, some variables such as age, marital status and environmental quality of life help explain the PIL of retired people and the quality of life related to social support helps explain the PIL of working adults. Overall, the reported findings suggest that the purpose in life is strongly related to physical, psychological, social and environmental health factors. It is highlighted that working adults and retired people have their purpose in life related to similar factors and others specific to each life stage, suggesting the need for crucial interventions to promote a healthier and more positive aging process.
- Mental health patient-reported outcomes and experiences assessment in PortugalPublication . Coelho, Anabela; Bienassis, Katherine de; Klazinga, Niek; Santo, Susan; Frade, Patrícia; Costa, Andreia; Gaspar, TâniaMental ill-health is increasingly recognized by policymakers for its significant human and economic toll. The main objective of this study is to capture patient-reported outcomes and experiences on mental health care in Portugal using methods developed for international benchmarking purposes, such as the OECD Patient-reported Indicators Surveys. The study included 397 participants, 247 (62.2%) women, divided into four age groups: ages 16–24 years, ages 25–44 years, ages 45–65 years, and ages 66 years or older. The data collection procedure and analysis followed the OECD PaRIS Mental Health Working Group 2021 protocol allowing subsequent comparability with data from other OECD member countries. Findings on the WHO-5 Well-Being Index showed that women manifest a lower score in well-being following mental health care services use. This finding may be, at least in part, explained by the study population (mental health services users), including individuals with clinical depression which is more frequently observed in women. In terms of the level of satisfaction with treatment (provided by nurses, doctors, phycologists, etc.) the response “Yes, definitely” varied from 67% of answers regarding “time spent by care providers”, 76.3% “involvement in decisions” to 79.7% regarding “clarity of explanations” and 84.4% regarding the item courtesy and respect. This study shows the feasibility of implementing and using patient-reported metrics (PROM and PREM) in mental health services in Portugal. The study results generate useful clinical information to help meet the expectations and needs of patients, contributing to a continuous improvement of mental health community services.
- Patient-reported outcomes and experiences assessment in women with breast cancer: Portuguese case studyPublication . Coelho, Anabela; Kendir, Candan; Barrenho, Eliana; Klazinga, Niek; Paiva, Cláudia; Sousa, Joaquim Abreu de; Gonçalves-Monteiro, Salomé; Redondo, Patrícia; Bastos, Ana; Nogueira, Armanda; Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Costa, Andreia Silva; Gaspar, TâniaIn 2020, female breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, representing the type of cancer with the highest incidence among women and the second most common cause of cancer death among women in all OECD countries. The conventional measures addressing the burden of breast cancer by measuring mortality, incidence, and survival do not entirely reflect the quality of life and patients experience when receiving breast cancer care. The main objective of this study is to capture patient-reported outcomes and experiences in women with breast cancer in Portugal using methods developed for international benchmarking purposes, such as the OECD Patient-reported Indicators Surveys. The study included 378 women with breast cancer, with the age distribution being 19.8% aged 15 to 49 years and 80.2% aged 50 years and over. The data collection procedure and analysis followed the "OECD Breast Cancer Patient Reported Outcomes Working Group" protocol, allowing subsequent comparability with data from other OECD member countries. Most women were satisfied with the treatment outcome regarding the shape of their lumpectomy breast when wearing a bra (96.1%) and with the equal size of both breasts (78.3%). Findings on the WHO QOL-BREF showed that women manifest a lower score in well-being when compared with the general population or populations living with chronic diseases. This study shows the feasibility of implementing and using patient-reported metrics (PROM and PREM) in breast cancer services in Portugal. Measuring PROMs and PREMs from Portuguese women receiving breast cancer care provides insightful evidence into the quality and value of cancer care.
- Positive youth development, mental stress and life satisfaction in middle school and high school students in Portugal: outcomes on stress, anxiety and depressionPublication . Carvalho, Marina; Branquinho, Cátia; Moraes, Barbara; Cerqueira, Ana; Tomé, Gina; Noronha, Catarina; Gaspar, Tânia; Rodrigues, Nuno; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deThe relation between positive youth development and stress, anxiety and depression was studied considering the mediator role of psychological symptoms and life satisfaction. A total of 3109 students included in the “Psychological Health and Well-being” study of the School Observatory participated, including 1618 females and 1491 males aged between 11 and 18 years old (M = 14.45; SD = 1.88), belonging to different school groups in different regions of the country. Adolescents with higher stress, depression and anxiety levels reported lower levels of competence, confidence and connection, as well as more psychological symptoms and lower life satisfaction. The results also showed that adolescents with higher levels of competence, confidence and connection reported less psychological symptoms and more life satisfaction. Two separate mediation analyses were performed to analyse the role of mental distress and life satisfaction on the relationship between positive youth development indicators and stress, anxiety and depression. These analyses confirmed the predicted relationships and partial mediations between mental distress and life satisfaction. These results should be taken into account in public policies concerning young people’s health and education that should involve both targeted and indicated prevention strategies, including school and community-based interventions, in order to be effective.
- Sleep and awakening quality during COVID-19 confinement: complexity and relevance for health and behaviorPublication . Paiva, Teresa; Reis, Cátia; Feliciano, Amélia; Canas-Simião, Hugo; Machado, Maria Augusta; Gaspar, Tânia; Tomé, Gina; Branquinho, Cátia; Silva, Maria Raquel; Ramiro, Lúcia; Gaspar, Susana; Bentes, Carla; Sampaio, Francisco; Pinho, Lara; Pereira, Conceição; Carreiro, Alexandra; Moreira, Susana; Luzeiro, Isabel; Videira, Gabriela; Fonseca, Júlio; Bernarda, Ana; Castro, Joana Vaz; Rebocho, Sofia; Almondes, Katie; Canhão, Helena; Matos, Margarida GasparObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep and awakening quality (SQ and AQ) during COVID-19 in a large and diversified population in order to identify significant associations and risks in terms of demography, health and health-related behaviors, sleep variables, mental health, and attitudes. Methods/Results:Online surveys were used for data collection, received from 5479 individuals from the general population, sleep disorder patients, and COVID-involved (medical doctors (MDs) and nurses) and COVID-affected professionals (teachers, psychologists, and dentists). SQ and AQ were worse in adults, females, and high-education subjects. Feeling worse, having economic problems, depression, anxiety, irritability, and a high Calamity Experience Check List (CECL) score during COVID were significantly associated with poor SQ and AQ. Shorter sleep duration, increased latency, poor nutrition, low physical activity, increased mobile and social network use, more negative and less positive attitudes and behaviors were associated with poor AQ. Conclusions: The SQ logistic regression showed gender, morbidities, CECL, and awakenings as relevant, whereas, for AQ, relevant variables further included age and physical activity. Aiming to have a high stress compliance, each individual should sleep well, have important control of their mood, practice positive behaviors while dismissing negative behaviors and attitudes, practice exercise, have adequate nutrition, and beware of technologies and dependences.