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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Medicina Dentária é uma atividade de elevada destreza e concentração num campo operatório reduzido e de difícil acesso, o que propicia desalinhamentos posturais. Os fatores físicos, ergonómicos, psicossociais e organizacionais do trabalho contribuem para o risco de desenvolvimento de lesões músculo-esqueléticas (LME) e nervosas, sobretudo nas regiões dorsal e cervical. O principal objetivo desta investigação é analisar e comparar a postura de trabalho de Estudantes de Medicina Dentária e de Médicos Dentistas.
Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal observacional numa amostra de 10 Médicos Dentistas e 10 Estudantes do 5º ano do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Viseu). Cada participante realizou, em fantoma, o tratamento de uma cavidade classe I no dente 26. Todo o procedimento foi filmado e fotografado para posterior análise e obtenção do risco de LME pelo método RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment).
Resultados: Todos os participantes realizam flexão anterior >20º, flexão lateral direita e rotação da cabeça para a esquerda. A maioria efetua flexão anterior do tronco entre 20º a 60º com flexão lateral direita e rotação para a esquerda. Todos os participantes trabalham com os braços em abdução. Os Estudantes trabalham, tendencialmente, com os antebraços mais elevados (>100º) enquanto que os Médicos Dentistas adotam flexão do cotovelo <60º. O braço direito apresenta piores resultados que o braço esquerdo. A maioria faz elevação do ombro direito e dorsiflexão palmar (>15º) e desvio lateral. Conclusões: Tanto os Médicos Dentistas como os Estudantes apresentam posturas de trabalho com elevado risco de desenvolvimento de LME, sobretudo para a região da cabeça, tronco, ombros e pulsos. Estes resultados validam a necessidade de se respeitarem os princípios ergonómicos permitindo condições de trabalho seguras e otimizar a performance dos profissionais.
Introduction: Dentistry is an activity that requires high dexterity and concentration in a working area with low area and difficult access, propitiating postural misalignments. Physical, ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational work factors contribute for the risk of development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and nervous lesions, especially in the dorsal and cervical regions. The main objective of the following research is to analyze and compare the working posture of Dentistry students and Dentists. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was made in a sample of 10 Dentists and 10 Dentistry Students of the 5th grade of the Master’s Degree in Dentistry of the Health Science Institute of Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Viseu). Each participant made, in phantom model, the treatment a Class I cavity on the tooth 26. All the procedure was filmed and photographed for analysis and obtainment of MSD risk by the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method. Results: All the participants practice anterior flexion >20º, right lateral flexion and left head rotation. Most of them make anterior trunk flexion between 20º and 60º with right lateral flexion and left rotation. All the participants works with their arms in abduction. The students tend to work with their lower arms in a more elevated position (>100º), as the Dentists adopt a lower arm flection <60º. The right arm presents worse results than the left arm. The majority makes a right shoulder elevation and wrist dorsiflexion (>15º) and lateral deviation. Conclusions: Both Dentists and Dental Students show working postures with a high risk of developing MSD, especially on the head, trunk, shoulders and wrist areas. These results validate the need to respect the ergonomic principles, allowing safe working conditions and optimization of professional performances.
Introduction: Dentistry is an activity that requires high dexterity and concentration in a working area with low area and difficult access, propitiating postural misalignments. Physical, ergonomic, psychosocial and organizational work factors contribute for the risk of development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and nervous lesions, especially in the dorsal and cervical regions. The main objective of the following research is to analyze and compare the working posture of Dentistry students and Dentists. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was made in a sample of 10 Dentists and 10 Dentistry Students of the 5th grade of the Master’s Degree in Dentistry of the Health Science Institute of Universidade Católica Portuguesa (Viseu). Each participant made, in phantom model, the treatment a Class I cavity on the tooth 26. All the procedure was filmed and photographed for analysis and obtainment of MSD risk by the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method. Results: All the participants practice anterior flexion >20º, right lateral flexion and left head rotation. Most of them make anterior trunk flexion between 20º and 60º with right lateral flexion and left rotation. All the participants works with their arms in abduction. The students tend to work with their lower arms in a more elevated position (>100º), as the Dentists adopt a lower arm flection <60º. The right arm presents worse results than the left arm. The majority makes a right shoulder elevation and wrist dorsiflexion (>15º) and lateral deviation. Conclusions: Both Dentists and Dental Students show working postures with a high risk of developing MSD, especially on the head, trunk, shoulders and wrist areas. These results validate the need to respect the ergonomic principles, allowing safe working conditions and optimization of professional performances.
Description
Keywords
Médicos dentistas Ergonomia Postura Lesões músculo-esqueléticas RULA Dental medicine Ergonomics Posture Musculoskeletal disorders