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O desenvolvimento de capital humano no seio familiar é um fator importante que pode contribuir para reduzir diferenças nas oportunidades académicas e, mais tarde, laborais, de crianças com diferentes níveis socioeconómicos. O estudo aqui apresentado procura compreender a relação entre o nível socioeconómico (NSE) e o nível dos investimentos e estilos parentais. Para tal, analisámos as diferenças de nível socioeconómico na forma como os pais de crianças em idade escolar fazem investimentos nos seus filhos, nomeadamente em termos de estímulo cognitivo no ambiente familiar e na utilização de diferentes estilos parentais na educação da criança. Ao mesmo tempo, foi analisado o conflito entre o trabalho e a vida familiar como variável mediadora da relação entre o nível socioeconómico e os investimentos e estilos parentais. A recolha de dados foi feita junto de 80 pais trabalhadores com crianças em idade (pré)- escolar (3-9 anos) através de questionários de auto-relato. Os resultados foram analisados através de estudos de correlação e mediação, tendo sido confirmadas todas as hipóteses colocadas. Com isto, podemos perceber que o nível socioeconómico associado a um conflito entre o trabalho e a família, tem um impacto negativo na forma como pais fazem investimentos nos seus filhos e nos seus estilos parentais.
The development of human capital within the family is an important factor that can help reduce differences in academic and later work opportunities for children from different socioeconomic status backgrounds. The research presented here seeks to understand the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and parental investments and parenting styles. The aim was to understand whether there are differences in terms of socioeconomic status in the way parents invest in their school-age children, namely in terms of cognitive stimulation and in the use of different parenting styles. At the same time, I will analyse the conflict between work and family life as a mediating variable in the relation between socioeconomic status and parental investments and parenting styles. Data collection was carried out with 80 working parents with pre-school aged children (3-9 years) through self-report questionnaires. The results were analysed through correlation and mediation models, and all hypotheses were confirmed. Through this we can see that the socioeconomic status associated with the conflict between work and family, has a negative impact on the way parents make investments in their children and their parenting styles.
The development of human capital within the family is an important factor that can help reduce differences in academic and later work opportunities for children from different socioeconomic status backgrounds. The research presented here seeks to understand the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and parental investments and parenting styles. The aim was to understand whether there are differences in terms of socioeconomic status in the way parents invest in their school-age children, namely in terms of cognitive stimulation and in the use of different parenting styles. At the same time, I will analyse the conflict between work and family life as a mediating variable in the relation between socioeconomic status and parental investments and parenting styles. Data collection was carried out with 80 working parents with pre-school aged children (3-9 years) through self-report questionnaires. The results were analysed through correlation and mediation models, and all hypotheses were confirmed. Through this we can see that the socioeconomic status associated with the conflict between work and family, has a negative impact on the way parents make investments in their children and their parenting styles.
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Nível socioeconómico Investimentos parentais Estilos parentais Stress ocupacional Desenvolvimento de capital humano Socioeconomic status Parental investments Parenting styles Occupational stress Human capital development