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Todas as sociedades hodiernas possuem um acervo de regras de convivência que possibilitam que os seus membros se relacionem de forma relativamente pacífica e organizada. Exemplo disso, é a consagração legal do artigo 877º do nosso Código Civil, cujo sentido e alcance abordamos na presente dissertação. Preceitua o artigo 877º que pais e avós estão proibidos de realizar contratos de compra e venda com os filhos ou netos, se os outros filhos ou netos não derem o seu consentimento para esse fim. Na verdade, existem vários contratos de compra e venda entre pais/avós e filhos/netos que não passam de vendas simuladas, pretendendo, na realidade, ocultar doações. Para evitar tal resultado, impõe-se a necessidade de obter consentimento dos restantes filhos e não dos netos, a não ser que um filho tenha falecido. Porém, este artigo aparentemente simples, suscita diversas questões. Após a leitura e análise de várias obras, de diversos autores e de numerosa jurisprudência, recolhemos a informação necessária para explorar questões como a verdadeira finalidade desta norma, o alcance do âmbito subjetivo e objetivo, o consentimento, a sanção a que está sujeita e a sua ligação ao fenómeno sucessório. Concomitantemente, tentamos sempre desenvolver críticas pessoais, com entendimentos próprios relativamente a cada tópico. Porém, encontramos fortes divergências na compilação das diversas doutrinas e teorias desenvolvidas, o que tornou bastante difícil o nosso posicionamento por uma única argumentação. Limitando, por sua vez, a defesa pela eficácia (ou não) deste preceito. Não restam dúvidas que, a alienação a descendentes, é, apesar da sua antiguidade, um tema atual que exige perscrutação. Através dos resultados obtidos nesta dissertação, tentamos contribuir positivamente para a sua interpretação.
Every modern society holds a collection of coexistence rules that allow their members to relate, relatively, in a pacific and organized way. Example of that is the legal provision of the article nº 887 of our Civil Code, in which the meaning and its extent is approached in the following master’s degree dissertation. The article nº 887 stipulates that parents and grandparents are forbidden to carry out purchases and sales contracts with their children and grandchildren, if their other children and grandchildren do not give their consent to those ends. In fact, there is a variety of contracts concerning sales and purchases between parents/grandparents and children/grandchildren that are nothing more than simulated sales and that in reality, only intend to hide donations. To avoid such results, the need to obtain consent from the remaining children and not the grandchildren is imposed, unless there’s a child that passed away. However, as simple as this article may appear, it arouses several questions. After reading and analyzing several works, from different authors and numerous jurisprudences, we collected the necessary information to explore questions such as the real purpose of this norm, the range of its subjective and objective scope, the consent, the sanction that it is subjected to and its connection with the succession phenomenon. At the same time, we always tried to develop personal criticism, according to our understanding of each topic. However, we found strong differences in the compilation of the various doctrines and developed theories, which made our one argument positioning really difficult. Limiting, in turn, the defense for efficiency (or not) of this precept. There is no doubt that, the alienation to descendants, is, despite its age, a modern theme that requires investigation. With the results obtained in this dissertation, we tried to contribute positively to its interpretation.
Every modern society holds a collection of coexistence rules that allow their members to relate, relatively, in a pacific and organized way. Example of that is the legal provision of the article nº 887 of our Civil Code, in which the meaning and its extent is approached in the following master’s degree dissertation. The article nº 887 stipulates that parents and grandparents are forbidden to carry out purchases and sales contracts with their children and grandchildren, if their other children and grandchildren do not give their consent to those ends. In fact, there is a variety of contracts concerning sales and purchases between parents/grandparents and children/grandchildren that are nothing more than simulated sales and that in reality, only intend to hide donations. To avoid such results, the need to obtain consent from the remaining children and not the grandchildren is imposed, unless there’s a child that passed away. However, as simple as this article may appear, it arouses several questions. After reading and analyzing several works, from different authors and numerous jurisprudences, we collected the necessary information to explore questions such as the real purpose of this norm, the range of its subjective and objective scope, the consent, the sanction that it is subjected to and its connection with the succession phenomenon. At the same time, we always tried to develop personal criticism, according to our understanding of each topic. However, we found strong differences in the compilation of the various doctrines and developed theories, which made our one argument positioning really difficult. Limiting, in turn, the defense for efficiency (or not) of this precept. There is no doubt that, the alienation to descendants, is, despite its age, a modern theme that requires investigation. With the results obtained in this dissertation, we tried to contribute positively to its interpretation.
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Art. 877º CC Venda a filhos ou netos Pais e avós Descendentes Ascendentes Compra e venda Família Consentimento Anulabilidade Direito sucessório Article nº 877º civil code Sale to children or grandchildren Parents and grandparents Descendants Ascendants Sale and purchase Consent Annulment Succession law