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Introdução: Nos últimos anos, a vacinação foi um dos grandes avanços no campo da medicina e com esta vieram maiores ganhos em saúde para a população a nível mundial. As vacinas, enquanto fármacos, têm uma importância significativa no campo da prevenção de doenças. Nos países industrializados, a incidência da doença invasiva pneumocócica tem uma variação entre 8 a 34 casos por 100 000 habitantes, sendo mais elevado no grupo etário inferior a dois anos de idade e no grupo com idade superior a cinquenta anos (Costa, et al, 2016). No período de 2000 a 2006, a pneumonia adquirida na comunidade representou 3,7% dos internamentos na população adulta em Portugal (Costa, et al, 2016). Para além da idade, são também fatores de risco para o seu desenvolvimento, a existência de comorbilidades e hábitos tabágicos e alcoólicos. A 23 de maio de 2015, a Direção Geral da Saúde (DGS) divulgou a norma 011/2015 com atualização a 6 de novembro de 2015, referente à vacinação contra infeções por Streptococcus pneumoniae de grupos com risco acrescido para doença invasiva pneumocócica (DIP) com mais de 18 anos de idade. Foi com base nesta norma que o projeto de intervenção comunitária foi desenvolvido numa Unidade de Saúde Pública, tendo como população alvo o grupo de profissionais do ACES. Objetivo: Prevenção da doença invasiva pneumocócica num grupo de profissionais de um ACES. Metodologia: A fundamentação teórica baseou-se numa revisão bibliográfica com base em pesquisa realizada no Google Académico, na EBSCOhost, PubMed e em manuais de referência sobre a temática. Utilizou-se a metodologia do Planeamento em Saúde para avaliar necessidades, fixar objetivos, programar a intervenção comunitária, executá-la e avaliá-la. O instrumento de recolha de dados aplicado foi um inquérito em formato digital, que visou identificar o número de profissionais que poderiam ter indicação para cumprir o esquema de vacinação antipneumocócica. A Educação para a Saúde foi a estratégia escolhida tendo por base, como referencial teórico de enfermagem, o Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender. A amostra foi constituída por 120 trabalhadores que participaram de forma voluntária no estudo. Resultados: A aplicação do inquérito eletrónico foi dirigia aos 600 profissionais e foram obtidas 120 respostas, que corresponde a uma amostra de 20% da população. No total de repostas, verificou-se que 28 profissionais apresentavam doença ou condição que se enquadram nas recomendações da vacinação antipneumocócica, porém apenas 4 indivíduos tinham o esquema de vacinação antipneumocócica em dia, o que revela uma baixa adesão. Conclusão: Uma ação estruturada, como a educação para a saúde, com apresentação da informação relevante sobre esta temática e, posterior reforço em consulta de saúde ocupacional, contribui para a obtenção de ganhos em saúde e para um compromisso do indivíduo/grupo com o plano de ação. Considerando as competências do enfermeiro especialista de saúde comunitária e, sendo a comunidade ou o grupo o foco da sua área de atuação, a saúde ocupacional obterá ganhos significativos no âmbito da promoção da saúde, com a participação deste profissional.
Introduction: In recent years, vaccination was one of the greatest advances in the medical field, and with it have come health gains for the population worldwide. Vaccines, like drugs, have significant importance in the field of disease prevention. In industrialized countries, the incidence of the invasive pneumococcal disease has a range of 8 to 34 cases per 100 000 individuals. The incidence is the highest in the individuals within the age group of under two years of age and the group over fifty years of age (Costa, et al, 2016). Between 2000 to 2006, community-acquired pneumonia accounted for 3.7% of hospitalizations in the adult population in Portugal (Costa, et al, 2016). In addition to age, comorbidities and smoking and alcohol habits are also risk factors for its development. On May 23, 2015, the Directorate-General for Health (DGS) published standard 011/2015, updated on November 6, 2015, on the vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in groups at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (IID) over 18 years of age. It was based on this standard that the community intervention project was developed in a Public Health Unit, having as target the group of professionals from an ACES. Objective: Prevention of the invasive pneumococcal disease in a group of professionals from an ACES. Methodology: The theoretical basis was a literature review based on a search conducted in Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, PubMed, and reference manuals on the topic. The Health Planning methodology has been used to assess needs, set goals, program the community intervention, and execute and evaluate it. The data collection instrument applied was a digital survey, which aimed to identify the number of professionals who should comply with the pneumococcal vaccination scheme. Health education was the chosen strategy, based on Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model as a nursing theoretical reference. The sample consisted of 120 workers who participated voluntarily in the study. Results: The survey applied to 600 professionals got 120 responses, which is 20% of the inquiries. In the total number of responses, 28 professionals had a disease or condition that met the recommendations for the anti-pneumococcal vaccination protocol. Although only 4 individuals had the anti-pneumococcal vaccination plan up to date, indicating low compliance. Conclusion: A structured action, such as health education, presented with relevant information on this topic and subsequent reinforcement in occupational hygiene consultations, contributes to health gains and the individual/group commitment to the action plan. Considering the competencies of the community health specialist nurses with the community or group being the focus of their area of expertise, occupational hygiene will obtain significant gains in health promotion with the participation of these professionals.
Introduction: In recent years, vaccination was one of the greatest advances in the medical field, and with it have come health gains for the population worldwide. Vaccines, like drugs, have significant importance in the field of disease prevention. In industrialized countries, the incidence of the invasive pneumococcal disease has a range of 8 to 34 cases per 100 000 individuals. The incidence is the highest in the individuals within the age group of under two years of age and the group over fifty years of age (Costa, et al, 2016). Between 2000 to 2006, community-acquired pneumonia accounted for 3.7% of hospitalizations in the adult population in Portugal (Costa, et al, 2016). In addition to age, comorbidities and smoking and alcohol habits are also risk factors for its development. On May 23, 2015, the Directorate-General for Health (DGS) published standard 011/2015, updated on November 6, 2015, on the vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in groups at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (IID) over 18 years of age. It was based on this standard that the community intervention project was developed in a Public Health Unit, having as target the group of professionals from an ACES. Objective: Prevention of the invasive pneumococcal disease in a group of professionals from an ACES. Methodology: The theoretical basis was a literature review based on a search conducted in Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, PubMed, and reference manuals on the topic. The Health Planning methodology has been used to assess needs, set goals, program the community intervention, and execute and evaluate it. The data collection instrument applied was a digital survey, which aimed to identify the number of professionals who should comply with the pneumococcal vaccination scheme. Health education was the chosen strategy, based on Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model as a nursing theoretical reference. The sample consisted of 120 workers who participated voluntarily in the study. Results: The survey applied to 600 professionals got 120 responses, which is 20% of the inquiries. In the total number of responses, 28 professionals had a disease or condition that met the recommendations for the anti-pneumococcal vaccination protocol. Although only 4 individuals had the anti-pneumococcal vaccination plan up to date, indicating low compliance. Conclusion: A structured action, such as health education, presented with relevant information on this topic and subsequent reinforcement in occupational hygiene consultations, contributes to health gains and the individual/group commitment to the action plan. Considering the competencies of the community health specialist nurses with the community or group being the focus of their area of expertise, occupational hygiene will obtain significant gains in health promotion with the participation of these professionals.
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Vacinação Prevenção Educação para a saúde Saúde ocupacional Vaccination Prevention Health education Occupational hygiene