Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Os enfermeiros desempenham um papel de extrema importância na
prestação de cuidados à pessoa em fim de vida. Contudo, estes cuidados nem
sempre foram prestados por pessoal dotado de conhecimento científico. Até aos
finais do século XIX, os enfermeiros não possuíam qualquer preparação.
O período estudado foi o século XIX que correspondeu a um período de
grande mudança e instabilidade no nosso país, devido às invasões francesas e
consequente guerra entre os liberais e os absolutistas.
Este trabalho está inserido no mestrado de Cuidados Paliativos e resulta na
dissertação do mesmo. A metodologia utilizada foi essencialmente a revisão da
literatura existente, de estudos históricos.
Nesta época, as principais causas de morte eram as doenças gerais, que
incluíam as doenças infecto-contagiosas, a tuberculose e as doenças do aparelho
respiratório.
A maioria dos hospitais e ordens religiosas recusavam-se a admitir doentes
com moléstias crónicas e contagiosas que fossem incuráveis. A morte era então
vivida em casa no seio da família. Em contrapartida, nos nossos dias a morte
ocorre principalmente nos hospitais, de uma forma mais solitária.
Assiste-se a uma morte medicalizada, visto ainda existirem profissionais
que ainda olham para a morte dos seus pacientes como uma falha nos seus actos.
Sendo a morte algo inerente à condição humana e transversal a todas as
épocas, a assistência prestada às pessoas em fim de vida ainda tem que ser
bastante desenvolvida. A morte tem que ser encarada como algo natural, pois só
assim é que se pode conseguir melhorar a assistência em fim de vida quer nos
hospitais por parte dos profissionais de saúde, quer no seio familiar pelos amigos
e familiares.
Nurses play an extremely important role in the provision of care for the end of life. However, these were not always care provided by staff with scientific knowledge. Until the late nineteenth century, the nurses had no preparation. The period studied was the nineteenth century which corresponded to a period of great change and instability in our country due to the French invasion and subsequent war between liberals and absolutists. This work is inserted in the master of Palliative Care and the same results in the dissertation. The methodology used was essentially a review of existing literature, historical studies. At the time, the leading causes of death were general diseases, which included the infectious diseases, tuberculosis and respiratory diseases. Most religious orders and hospitals refused to admit patients with chronic and contagious diseases that were incurable. Death was then living at home within the family. In contrast, today the death occurs primarily in hospitals, in a more solitary. We are witnessing a medicalized death, since there are still professionals who still look at the death of their patients as a failure in their acts. Since the death inherent in the human condition and across all ages, assistance to people in the end of life has yet to be well developed. The death must be regarded as something natural, becose only then be able to improve enf of life care in hospitals by the health professionals and by the family and friends
Nurses play an extremely important role in the provision of care for the end of life. However, these were not always care provided by staff with scientific knowledge. Until the late nineteenth century, the nurses had no preparation. The period studied was the nineteenth century which corresponded to a period of great change and instability in our country due to the French invasion and subsequent war between liberals and absolutists. This work is inserted in the master of Palliative Care and the same results in the dissertation. The methodology used was essentially a review of existing literature, historical studies. At the time, the leading causes of death were general diseases, which included the infectious diseases, tuberculosis and respiratory diseases. Most religious orders and hospitals refused to admit patients with chronic and contagious diseases that were incurable. Death was then living at home within the family. In contrast, today the death occurs primarily in hospitals, in a more solitary. We are witnessing a medicalized death, since there are still professionals who still look at the death of their patients as a failure in their acts. Since the death inherent in the human condition and across all ages, assistance to people in the end of life has yet to be well developed. The death must be regarded as something natural, becose only then be able to improve enf of life care in hospitals by the health professionals and by the family and friends
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Enfermagem Cuidados paliativos Assistência Fim de vida Doente moribundo Nursing Palliative care Dying person End of life Assistance