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Onde abundou o pecado superabundou a graça
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Abstract(s)
Partindo de uma nova interpretação de Gn 2-3, entendido como mito de origem que, portanto, não descreve um «pecado original», propõe-se aqui uma consequente nova interpretação de Rm 5,12-21, texto citado na 5.ª sessão do concílio de Trento, no decreto sobre o pecado original (17.6.1546). A exegese que a propõe lê o texto de Paulo, não como teologia dogmática, mas como midráš, o método judaico que explicava o texto sagrado canónico em forma de busca de sentido antropológico e teológico para situações presentes. Lido o texto como midráš, o recurso à unicidade do ’ādām aparece simplesmente como trampolim para ilustrar a visão universalista da condição pecaminosa histórica da humanidade antes de Jesus e, sobretudo, para afirmar a – então – necessária salvação universal gratuita por mediação de Jesus. Não é teologia do «pecado original», mas da redenção.
Taking Gn 2-3 as its point of departure, understood as an origin myth which does not, therefore, describe an ‘original sin’, this article puts forward a consequent new interpretation of Rm 5,12-21, a text cited at the 5th session of the Council of Trent, in the decree about original sin (17.6.1546). The exegesis that proposes it reads Paul’s text not as dogmatic theology, but as midráš, the Jewish method that explained canonical sacred text by searching for anthropological and theological sense for present situations. By reading the text as midráš, recourse to the uniqueness of ’ādām appears simply as a springboard to illustrate the universalist vision of the historical sinful condition of humanity before Jesus and, above all, to affirm the need – then – for gratuitous universal salvation mediated by Jesus. It is not a theology of ‘original sin’, but of redemption.
Taking Gn 2-3 as its point of departure, understood as an origin myth which does not, therefore, describe an ‘original sin’, this article puts forward a consequent new interpretation of Rm 5,12-21, a text cited at the 5th session of the Council of Trent, in the decree about original sin (17.6.1546). The exegesis that proposes it reads Paul’s text not as dogmatic theology, but as midráš, the Jewish method that explained canonical sacred text by searching for anthropological and theological sense for present situations. By reading the text as midráš, recourse to the uniqueness of ’ādām appears simply as a springboard to illustrate the universalist vision of the historical sinful condition of humanity before Jesus and, above all, to affirm the need – then – for gratuitous universal salvation mediated by Jesus. It is not a theology of ‘original sin’, but of redemption.
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Keywords
Rm 5, 12-21 Salvação universal Pecado Pecado original Graça Midráš Universal salvation Sin Original sin Grace