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Unearthing reconciliation : mapping the institutional politics of forensic identification of Brazil's dictatorship victims
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This dissertation examines the institutional politics of forensic identification of victims of Brazil’s military dictatorship (1964–1985) and its role within a non-punitive transitional justice framework constrained by the 1979 Amnesty Law. In the absence of sustained criminal accountability, Brazil’s reckoning with authoritarian violence has relied on mechanisms of truth-seeking, symbolic recognition and moral repair. Focusing on forensic identification, the study analyses how State institutions, civil society organisations and international partners collaborate to recover remains, restore identities and preserve historical memory. Drawing on qualitative analysis of official reports, civil society archives, forensic documentation, media sources and academic literature, the dissertation argues that forensic identification functions as both a technical practice and a moral, communicative form of justice. Media and memorialisation efforts further reinforce collective memory and public awareness, although structural inequalities and historical biases limit the inclusivity of these processes. The research also highlights the role of international collaboration in enhancing technical capacity and moral legitimacy, compensating for domestic institutional inertia. Nevertheless, symbolic and forensic mechanisms alone cannot substitute for legal accountability or institutional reform. Persistent denialism, the uneven recognition of victims and the absence of embedded institutional memory constrain reconciliation and non-repetition. The Brazilian case ultimately illustrates the necessity and limits of non-punitive transitional justice, showing how truth and memory can be preserved even when formal accountability remains structurally deferred.
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Brazilian military dictatorship Transitional justice Reconciliation Forensic identification Human rights South-south cooperation
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC