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Notas sobre a gravação técnica do som
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Abstract(s)
O registo sonoro, nomeadamente música e voz, iniciou-se no final do século XIX. Primeiro, foram registos puramente mecânicos (há registos mecânicos mais antigos, como em brinquedos, mas sem capacidade de gravar sons da natureza, da voz humana e da música em concerto). A eletrificação das máquinas de gravação simplificou o registo sonoro. Uma florescente indústria discográfica alargou-se a todo o mundo, após o seu arranque nos Estados Unidos. De acordo com o gosto musical da época, os primeiros discos contemplavam a música clássica, mas, já na década de 1930, surgiam discos de música ligeira. A rádio, com emissoras potentes em todos os continentes, além da informação, tinha a programação baseada na música, estimulando a indústria fonográfica e impondo gostos musicais. Em meados da década de 1940, apareceu o magnetofone, um gravador de fita magnética, de origem alemã, mais fiável que o gravador de fita de aço americano. Após a II Guerra Mundial, a rádio e os gira-discos tornaram os lares burgueses em verdadeiras pistas de dança, com músicas alegres. As tecnologias de registo sonoro evoluíram tanto que se adicionaram pistas de gravação e se manipularam sons que os registos iniciais não comportavam. Seriam os casos dos discos Pet Sounds, dos Beach Boys (1966), com a música Good Vibrations, e Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Band, dos Beatles (1966-1967), cuja reprodução num concerto ao vivo se tornou impossível. A indústria fonográfica ganhava à rádio, até aí a grande produtora dos gostos estéticos.
Sound recording, namely music and voice, began at the end of the 19th century. First, they were purely mechanical recordings (there are older mechanical recordings, as in toys, but without the ability to record sounds of nature, the human voice and music in concert). The electrification of recording machines has simplified sound recording. A thriving recording industry spread across the world after its start in the United States. According to the musical taste of the time, the first records contemplated classical music, but in the 1930s, light music records appeared. Radio, with powerful stations on all continents, in addition to information, had music-based programming, stimulating the phonographic industry, and imposing musical tastes. In the mid-1940s, the magnetophon appeared, a magnetic tape recorder, of German origin, more reliable than the American steel tape recorder. After World War II, radio and record players turned bourgeois homes into real dance floors, with happy music played. Sound recording technologies have evolved so much that recording tracks have been added and sounds have been manipulated that the initial recordings did not support. Such would be the cases of the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds (1966), with the song Good Vibrations, and Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Band, by the Beatles (1966-1967), whose reproduction in a live concert became impossible. The phonographic industry won over radio, until then the great producer of aesthetic tastes.
Sound recording, namely music and voice, began at the end of the 19th century. First, they were purely mechanical recordings (there are older mechanical recordings, as in toys, but without the ability to record sounds of nature, the human voice and music in concert). The electrification of recording machines has simplified sound recording. A thriving recording industry spread across the world after its start in the United States. According to the musical taste of the time, the first records contemplated classical music, but in the 1930s, light music records appeared. Radio, with powerful stations on all continents, in addition to information, had music-based programming, stimulating the phonographic industry, and imposing musical tastes. In the mid-1940s, the magnetophon appeared, a magnetic tape recorder, of German origin, more reliable than the American steel tape recorder. After World War II, radio and record players turned bourgeois homes into real dance floors, with happy music played. Sound recording technologies have evolved so much that recording tracks have been added and sounds have been manipulated that the initial recordings did not support. Such would be the cases of the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds (1966), with the song Good Vibrations, and Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Band, by the Beatles (1966-1967), whose reproduction in a live concert became impossible. The phonographic industry won over radio, until then the great producer of aesthetic tastes.
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Keywords
Música Rádio Registo sonoro Music Radio Sound recording