Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-12-01"
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- Nota de aberturaPublication . Lopes, Ana Costa; Lopes, Marília dos Santos
- Para uma museologia da religião: análise da carta-circular “a função pastoral dos museus eclesiásticos” vinte anos depoisPublication . Roque, Maria IsabelA Igreja Católica assume uma longa tradição na salvaguarda do seu património cultural, histórico e artístico. Os tesouros eclesiásticos medievais, cumprindo as funções de depósito, inventariação, conservação e exposição, são os antecedentes históricos dos museus eclesiásticos e constituem uma referência obrigatória na proto-história da museologia. No entanto, apenas em finais do século XVIII, com a instituição dos museus e a conexa incorporação de bens eclesiásticos, se assinala a conversão do objeto sagrado ou religioso em objeto museológico. Desde então e, em particular, após o Concílio Vaticano II, a Igreja tem demonstrado uma crescente preocupação em garantir, aos objetos retirados do culto, um destino digno de sua condição litúrgica original. Nesse sentido, a Carta-Circular Função pastoral dos museus eclesiásticos, publicada em 2001, determinava que o museu eclesiástico fosse considerado como um recurso válido e adequado à preservação desses objetos, mantendo-os na proximidade do grupo cultural de origem e dando continuidade à sua função catequética original. Assim, o museu eclesiástico diferencia-se dos restantes por ser confessional, vinculando uma perspetiva espiritual e pastoral à função cultural dos museus, o que, garantindo o rigor da informação, se torna um fator positivo na recontextualização e inteligibilidade do objeto religioso. Além disso, ao referir a interação entre o museu eclesiástico e o território, no quadro referencial dos conceitos de museu integrado e difuso, a Carta propunha uma via de atuação que coincide com o desenvolvimento da museologia atual centrada no público e na experiência do visitante. Passadas duas décadas sobre a sua publicação, propõe-se uma análise crítica da Carta no quadro teórico dos estudos museológicos, a fim de confirmar o seu caráter atualizado, se não pioneiro, no que respeita à recuperação da função e do sentido original do objeto no discurso museológico, à ligação ao território e à cultura do lugar numa perspetiva global e diacrónica, e à interação com o público plural e heterogéneo.
- Recordamos um dia de trabalho..Publication . Lopes, Ana Costa; Lopes, Marília dos Santos
- Portuguese women para-troop nurses (1961-1980)Publication . Pereira, AméricoPortugal had a group of military Para-Troop women composed by trained Nurses, whose main mission was to respond to evacuation calls for wounded soldiers, nursing them, keeping them alive until they could reach military hospitals in the rear. The idea, the path to convincing the men in power, the creation and development of this very small but very significant and effective force, along with the service it delivered, constitute a dramatic historical and noble part of the Portuguese Colonial War. The action of these paradigmatic women proved, beyond any honest doubt, the capacity of apparently common women to perform even the harshest and most difficult tasks, never losing, in their case, the profound sense of humane action that had been the ethic core of their formation as Nurses.
- Nutritional, rheological, sensory characteristics and environmental impact of a yogurt-like dairy drink for children enriched with lupin flourPublication . Vieira, Evla D. F.; Styles, David; Sousa, Sérgio; Santos, Carla; Gil, Ana M.; Gomes, Ana M.; Vasconcelos, Marta W.Studies have demonstrated that the addition of pulses to foods can make them more nutritious. We hypothesize that lupin flour adds nutritional benefits to yogurts. This study aimed to characterize a lupin-enriched yogurt in nutritional, rheological, and sensorial terms by a trained panel, and assess its environmental impact using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. For comparison, natural yogurt and a commercial formula were used as controls. The developed yogurt is “high in protein” (7g/100g), “source of fiber” (1.9g/100g), and “source of omega 3” (53 mg/100g). The lupin yogurt was the stiffest with the highest viscosity than controls according to rheological parameters. There were no significant sensory differences between the lupin-enriched yogurt and the controls, although some undesirable sensory characteristics such as bitterness, granularity, and after-taste were observed. The environmental impact per 100 g serving was similar to natural yogurt and slightly worse regarding commercial yogurt but better when expressed per Nutritional Density Unit (NDU). Using lupin flour to enrich yogurts for children can be an alternative to producing more nutritious products.
- Cognition, emotion and action: persistent sources of parent–offspring paradoxes in the family businessPublication . Cunha, Miguel Pina e; Leitão, Maria João Soares; Clegg, Stewart; Hernández-Linares, Remedios; Moasa, Horia; Randerson, Kathleen; Rego, ArménioPurpose: The purpose of the study is to explore inductively the unique paradoxical tensions central to family business (FB) and to analyze how FB's members face these tensions and their implications in the personal and professional realms. Design/methodology/approach: A multiple-case study with 11 parent–offspring dyads from Portuguese FBs was conducted putting the focus on the micro-level interactions. Findings: The slopes of roles and relationality in FBs produces three persistent sets of tensions around cognition, emotion and action. These tensions exist in a paradoxical state, containing potentiality for synergy or trade-off. Originality/value: Our study is the first to empirically demonstrate that paradoxical tensions between parent and offspring are interrelated, by emphasizing the uniqueness of FB as a paradoxical setting and offering insights to negotiating of these singular paradoxes.
- Structural diversity of marine anti-freezing proteins, properties and potential applications: a reviewPublication . Ghalamara, Soudabeh; Silva, Sara; Brazinha, Carla; Pintado, ManuelaCold-adapted organisms, such as fishes, insects, plants and bacteria produce a group of proteins known as antifreeze proteins (AFPs). The specific functions of AFPs, including thermal hysteresis (TH), ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), dynamic ice shaping (DIS) and interaction with membranes, attracted significant interest for their incorporation into commercial products. AFPs represent their effects by lowering the water freezing point as well as preventing the growth of ice crystals and recrystallization during frozen storage. The potential of AFPs to modify ice growth results in ice crystal stabilizing over a defined temperature range and inhibiting ice recrystallization, which could minimize drip loss during thawing, improve the quality and increase the shelf-life of frozen products. Most cryopreservation studies using marine-derived AFPs have shown that the addition of AFPs can increase post-thaw viability. Nevertheless, the reduced availability of bulk proteins and the need of biotechnological techniques for industrial production, limit the possible usage in foods. Despite all these drawbacks, relatively small concentrations are enough to show activity, which suggests AFPs as potential food additives in the future. The present work aims to review the results of numerous investigations on marine-derived AFPs and discuss their structure, function, physicochemical properties, purification and potential applications.
- Genomic analysis of sewage from 101 countries reveals global landscape of antimicrobial resistancePublication . Global Sewage Surveillance Consortium; Manaia, Célia; Rocha, JaquelineAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention.
- Sovereign debt, fiscal policy, and macroeconomic instabilityPublication . Carli, Francesco; Modesto, LeonorWe study the relation between capital accumulation, fiscal policy, and sovereign debt dynamics in a small open economy. The government maximizes spending, facing borrowing constraints and a conditionality requirement. Debt dynamics are forward looking, being driven by the endogenous borrowing constraint. Current debt is determined by expectations about the government's ability to finance itself in the future, opening the room for indeterminacy. If the government believes it may issue more debt next period, the borrowing constraint relaxes, and current debt increases. The government invests more in productive activities, generating a boom which increases tax revenues. However, as this increase does not repay the additional debt, the government will issue more debt next period, confirming initial expectations. To exclude explosive trajectories, tax revenues must increase enough to repay the outstanding debt and reduce future debt emission. This is possible only with a sufficiently procyclical tax rate. In this case, if productive externalities are large enough, the economy exhibits local and global indeterminacy, as steady-state multiplicity is also obtained. Avoiding sufficiently procyclical tax rates, the government can prevent local and global fluctuations driven by self-fulfilling volatile expectations. This differs from the general wisdom that procyclical tax rates should be used for stabilization.
- Aerocyte specification and lung adaptation to breathing is dependent on alternative splicing changesPublication . Fidalgo, Marta F.; Fonseca, Catarina G.; Caldas, Paulo; Raposo, Alexandre A. S. F.; Balboni, Tania; Henao-Mišíková, Lenka; Grosso, Ana R.; Vasconcelos, Francisca F.; Franco, Cláudio A.Adaptation to breathing is a critical step in lung function and it is crucial for organismal survival. Alveoli are the lung gas exchange units and their development, from late embryonic to early postnatal stages, requires feedbacks between multiple cell types. However, how the crosstalk between the alveolar cell types is modulated to anticipate lung adaptation to breathing is still unclear. Here, we uncovered a synchronous alternative splicing switch in multiple genes in the developing mouse lungs at the transition to birth, and we identified hnRNP A1, Cpeb4, and Elavl2/HuB as putative splicing regulators of this transition. Notably, we found that Vegfa switches from the Vegfa 164 isoform to the longer Vegfa 188 isoform exclusively in lung alveolar epithelial AT1 cells. Functional analysis revealed that VEGFA 188 (and not VEGFA 164) drives the specification of Car4-positive aerocytes, a subtype of alveolar endothelial cells specialized in gas exchanges. Our results reveal that the cell type-specific regulation of Vegfa alternative splicing just before birth modulates the epithelial-endothelial crosstalk in the developing alveoli to promote lung adaptation to breathing.
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