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O tema consciência e temporalidade é comum à filosofia fenomenológica e hermenêutica. Pretende-se, neste artigo, apresentar a teoria de Edith Stein sobre o tempo, com base na sua obra fundamental: Ser finito e ser eterno. Esta se constrói na esteira da fenomenologia de Husserl e como reação a Sein und Zeit, de Heidegger, ademais, apoiando-se na teoria do ato e da potência de Tomás de Aquino. Stein constrói uma teoria do tempo centrada no presente. Aplicando a fenomenologia às “unidades de vivência” e aos conceitos de “ato” e “potência”, de origem tomista, cria o conceito de “atualidade”, que compreende as três dimensões temporais. Criticando Heidegger, a autora sublinha que o “ser do ser finito” é “um ser recebido”, o qual se constitui na relação de “abertura” ao “ser eterno”. Na conclusão, propõe-se a possibilidade do reencontro com o passado (Heidegger) como análise preparatória para a “abertura” ao ser eterno.
The theme of consciousness and temporality is common to phenomenological and hermeneutic philosophy. In this article we intend to present Edith Stein’s theory of time, based on her fundamental work: Finite and Eternal Being. It’s built in the wake of Husserl’s phenomenology, and as a reaction to Heidegger’s Sein und Zeit; and also relies on the theory of the act and potency of Thomas Aquinas. Stein constructs a theory of time centered on the present. Applying phenomenology to ‘units of experience’, and the concepts of ‘act’ and ‘potency’ of Thomist origin, the concept of ‘actuality’ is created, which comprises the three temporal dimensions. Criticizing Heidegger, the author emphasizes that the ‘being of the finite being’ is ‘a being received’, which constitutes the relationship of ‘openness’ to ‘eternal being’. In conclusion we propose the possibility of reencounter with the past (Heidegger) as a preparatory analysis for the ‘opening’ to the eternal being.
The theme of consciousness and temporality is common to phenomenological and hermeneutic philosophy. In this article we intend to present Edith Stein’s theory of time, based on her fundamental work: Finite and Eternal Being. It’s built in the wake of Husserl’s phenomenology, and as a reaction to Heidegger’s Sein und Zeit; and also relies on the theory of the act and potency of Thomas Aquinas. Stein constructs a theory of time centered on the present. Applying phenomenology to ‘units of experience’, and the concepts of ‘act’ and ‘potency’ of Thomist origin, the concept of ‘actuality’ is created, which comprises the three temporal dimensions. Criticizing Heidegger, the author emphasizes that the ‘being of the finite being’ is ‘a being received’, which constitutes the relationship of ‘openness’ to ‘eternal being’. In conclusion we propose the possibility of reencounter with the past (Heidegger) as a preparatory analysis for the ‘opening’ to the eternal being.
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Temporalidade Finitude Atualidade Presente Ser recebido Temporality Finiteness Actuality Present To be received