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Synchrotron X-ray diffraction of bole layers from Portuguese gilded baroque retables

2015Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorBarata, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorRocha, F.
dc.contributor.authorCruz, A.J.
dc.contributor.authorAndrejkovičová, S.
dc.contributor.authorReguer, S.
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-06T16:09:25Z
dc.date.available2016-04-06T16:09:25Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractStudies based on a scientific approach to materials and techniques used in Portuguese gilded retables from the Baroque are very scarce and focus particularly on works with erudite features and on the characterization of the superficial gold leaf. The conservation and appearance of gilded surfaces, however, depended on the qualities of the clayey ground layer underneath, which is the bole. Colour and texture are closely related to its mineralogical composition. Boles were healing clays. Red to orange varieties could also be used for gilding, usually agglutinated with animal glue when the gold surface was meant to be burnished. Armenian was the name used to identify the best quality material. Microsamples collected from erudite and popular gilded retables, respectively belonging to the city of Oporto and its rural surroundings, were selected for elemental and mineralogical characterization. It was intended to shed light on the characteristics of boles used in Portuguese retables and to understand if there are any differences between materials used in works of distinct artistic quality. Elemental analysis was performed through SEM-EDS. SR-XRD was used for phase identification, performed with a six-circle diffractometer at the DIFFABS beamline of SOLEIL Synchrotron. Portuguese clay standards of identifiable composition and provenance were also analysed. The results suggest that boles are mainly kaolinitic, with variable amounts of illite and smectite. Gypsum was used as an extender. Although the proportions of the main clay minerals are similar in erudite and popular works, in Oporto homogeneity is clearly higher.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citationBARATA, Carolina …[et al.] - Synchrotron X-ray diffraction of bole layers from Portuguese gilded baroque retables. Applied Clay Science. ISSN 0169-1317. Vol. 116-117 (2015), p. 39–45pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.clay.2015.08.012pt_PT
dc.identifier.eid84939613324
dc.identifier.eissn1872-9053
dc.identifier.issn0169-1317
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/19573
dc.identifier.wos000361864300006
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationREDE/1509/RME/2005
dc.relationCARACTERIZAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS E DE TÉCNICAS DE POLICROMIA DA TALHA PORTUGUESA DE PRODUÇÃO ERUDITA E DE PRODUÇÃO POPULAR DA ÉPOCA BARROCA DO NOROESTE DE PORTUGAL
dc.subjectClayspt_PT
dc.subjectClay mineralspt_PT
dc.subjectBolept_PT
dc.subjectHealing clayspt_PT
dc.subjectGildingpt_PT
dc.subjectBaroque artpt_PT
dc.titleSynchrotron X-ray diffraction of bole layers from Portuguese gilded baroque retablespt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCARACTERIZAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS E DE TÉCNICAS DE POLICROMIA DA TALHA PORTUGUESA DE PRODUÇÃO ERUDITA E DE PRODUÇÃO POPULAR DA ÉPOCA BARROCA DO NOROESTE DE PORTUGAL
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBD%2F47588%2F2008/PT
oaire.citation.endPage45
oaire.citation.startPage39
oaire.citation.titleApplied Clay Science
oaire.citation.volume116
person.familyNameBarata
person.familyNameRocha
person.familyNameCruz
person.familyNameAndrejkovicova
person.givenNameCarolina
person.givenNameFernando
person.givenNameAntónio João
person.givenNameSlavka
person.identifier.ciencia-id9011-40CC-D356
person.identifier.ciencia-id6F13-70A2-3998
person.identifier.ciencia-id411C-A14B-142F
person.identifier.ciencia-idBA19-E40E-A989
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3379-1905
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3636-3933
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6396-5027
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8429-6926
person.identifier.ridA-4532-2009
person.identifier.ridA-3763-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55533814100
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8626859600
person.identifier.scopus-author-id10039472900
person.identifier.scopus-author-id15073710500
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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