| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.41 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A dor crónica do foro oncológico caracteriza-se por ser uma experiência subjetiva, individual e multidimensional, pois envolve a dimensão física, a psicológica, a social e a espiritual. Definiu-se como objetivo deste estudo: Compreender como é que a pessoa experiencia a dor crónica do foro oncológico. Desta forma, os nossos propósitos levaram-nos a optar por um método de investigação qualitativo de orientação fenomenológica, na perspetiva de Martin Heidegger. A amostra feita intencionalmente foi constituída por doentes seguidos na consulta da dor, do Hospital José Joaquim Fernandes – Beja. Como instrumento de colheita de dados optámos pela entrevista parcialmente estruturada, sendo os temas propostos: a descrição da dor; o viver o dia-a-dia com a dor; a forma de lidar com as limitações impostas pela dor/doença e as estratégias de gestão utilizadas no controle da dor. Após a recolha de dados e a sua transcrição, procedemos às diferentes etapas da redução fenomenológica tendo por base a metodologia preconizada por Deschamps (1993), que teve o seu início com a colocação em evidência do sentido global do texto. De seguida procedemos à identificação das unidades de significação, posteriormente efetuámos o desenvolvimento do conteúdo das unidades de significação e por fim elaborámos a síntese do conjunto das unidades de significação. Através do agrupamento das unidades de significação, emergiram os temas principais: o Ser-aí e o significado da dor; a relação do Dasein na experiência da dor crónica do foro oncológico; a angústia decorrente da proximidade da morte; a transcendência na experiência da pessoa com dor crónica do foro oncológico; a ambiguidade da solicitude, na experiência da pessoa com dor crónica do foro oncológico e a aprendizagem, na experiência da pessoa com dor crónica do foro oncológico. Os resultados do estudo confirmam que o significado de “dor” é único para cada pessoa, mostram que a perda de papéis dentro da família traduziu-se em sentimentos de impotência e de tristeza. A angústia decorrente da proximidade da morte, sentida em alguns dos entrevistados, revela as questões do sentido da vida/morte, da finitude e as manifestações de resignação, medo, tristeza e revolta, bem como o aceitar o sofrimento, na tentativa de encontrar-lhe um sentido, capaz de lhes proporcionar crescimento interior. Verificámos também que a esperança, descrita como uma força interior, dá-lhes uma capacidade de transcendência capaz de impulsionar o pensamento positivo e influenciar o bem-estar físico, psicológico, social e espiritual. A atenção diferenciada e a preocupação manifestadas pela família são reconhecidas, pelos sujeitos do estudo, como manifestações de apoio, mas também produzem nos mesmos uma ambiguidade de sentimentos. Alguns dos entrevistados, consideram que aprenderam com a doença e cresceram interiormente, ao desenvolverem abertura espiritual, disponibilidade interior e compaixão pelo sofrimento dos que estão à sua volta. Como propostas futuras, este estudo pode constituir uma base para novas pesquisas neste âmbito e possibilitar a reflexão dos enfermeiros, enquanto seres de cuidado e consequentemente proporcionar o enriquecimento e crescimento interior dos mesmos, para que possam cuidar e dar sentido às suas intervenções de forma mais autêntica e personalizada.
Chronic pain due to oncological diseases is a subjective, individual and multidimensional experience, as it involves the physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions. The study goal was determined to be: understand how a person experiences chronic oncological pain. So, our intentions made us to choose a qualitative investigation method with a phenomenological orientation, according to Martin Heidegger’s perspective. The sample was intentionally built and consist of patients who are accompanied by the pain health care team of the “José Joaquim Fernandes’s hospital”, in Beja. As instrument for data collection we chose the partly structured interview and the proposed themes were: description of the pain; living/facing the everyday with the pain feeling; the way of dealing with the limitations imposed by the pain and disease and the strategies used to control the pain. After gathering the data and transcribing it, we proceeded to the different stages of a phenomenological reduction based on Deschamps’s (1993) methodology, which started by pointing out the global sense of the text. After that we identified the signification units, developed the content of each one and finally elaborated the summary of the signification units set. Through the grouping of the signification units, the main themes emerged: the being-there and the meaning of pain; the Dasein’s relation on the oncological chronic pain experience; the anguish due to end-of-life proximity; the transcendence in a person’s experience with oncological chronic pain; the ambiguity of solicitude, in the one’s oncological chronic pain experience and the learning one made while experiences oncological chronic pain. The care as a fundamental structure of the Being-there takes a shape of solicitude, it involves affection, attention and interest. Being considered as essence of human existence, it is essential on nursing practice. The results of the study show that the meaning of “pain” is exclusive to each person and the loss of roles inside the family, due to health problems, led to feelings of impotence and sadness. The anguish felt in some interviewees, due to proximity of death, revealed questions about life and death, finitude and the expressions of resignation, fear, sadness and revolt, as well as acceptance the suffering in an attempt of finding a meaning to it, capable of giving them an inner growth. We also verified that hope, described as an inner strength, gives them the capacity of transcendence, able to stimulate positive thoughts and induce physical, psychological, social and spiritual well-being. The attention and concern shared by the family are recognized by the interviewees as manifestations of support, but they also produce a sense of ambiguity on them. Some of the studied patients considered that they’ve learned with the disease and grown innerly, by opening up their mind spiritually, by developing interior availability and compassion towards those who are suffering around them. In the future, this study may create the groundwork for new inquiries in this field and also enable the reflection of nurses, as care human beings, and, consequently, develop their inner enrichment and growing, so they can care and give an authentical and personalized meaning to their interventions.
Chronic pain due to oncological diseases is a subjective, individual and multidimensional experience, as it involves the physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions. The study goal was determined to be: understand how a person experiences chronic oncological pain. So, our intentions made us to choose a qualitative investigation method with a phenomenological orientation, according to Martin Heidegger’s perspective. The sample was intentionally built and consist of patients who are accompanied by the pain health care team of the “José Joaquim Fernandes’s hospital”, in Beja. As instrument for data collection we chose the partly structured interview and the proposed themes were: description of the pain; living/facing the everyday with the pain feeling; the way of dealing with the limitations imposed by the pain and disease and the strategies used to control the pain. After gathering the data and transcribing it, we proceeded to the different stages of a phenomenological reduction based on Deschamps’s (1993) methodology, which started by pointing out the global sense of the text. After that we identified the signification units, developed the content of each one and finally elaborated the summary of the signification units set. Through the grouping of the signification units, the main themes emerged: the being-there and the meaning of pain; the Dasein’s relation on the oncological chronic pain experience; the anguish due to end-of-life proximity; the transcendence in a person’s experience with oncological chronic pain; the ambiguity of solicitude, in the one’s oncological chronic pain experience and the learning one made while experiences oncological chronic pain. The care as a fundamental structure of the Being-there takes a shape of solicitude, it involves affection, attention and interest. Being considered as essence of human existence, it is essential on nursing practice. The results of the study show that the meaning of “pain” is exclusive to each person and the loss of roles inside the family, due to health problems, led to feelings of impotence and sadness. The anguish felt in some interviewees, due to proximity of death, revealed questions about life and death, finitude and the expressions of resignation, fear, sadness and revolt, as well as acceptance the suffering in an attempt of finding a meaning to it, capable of giving them an inner growth. We also verified that hope, described as an inner strength, gives them the capacity of transcendence, able to stimulate positive thoughts and induce physical, psychological, social and spiritual well-being. The attention and concern shared by the family are recognized by the interviewees as manifestations of support, but they also produce a sense of ambiguity on them. Some of the studied patients considered that they’ve learned with the disease and grown innerly, by opening up their mind spiritually, by developing interior availability and compassion towards those who are suffering around them. In the future, this study may create the groundwork for new inquiries in this field and also enable the reflection of nurses, as care human beings, and, consequently, develop their inner enrichment and growing, so they can care and give an authentical and personalized meaning to their interventions.
Description
Keywords
Dor crónica Doença oncológica Pessoa doente Enfermeiros Chronic pain Oncological disease Patient Nurses