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Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de
morbilidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, sendo a aterosclerose a doença
cardiovascular mais frequente. Estudos recentes têm evidenciado uma relação
entre a periodontite crónica e as doenças cardiovasculares. A plausibilidade
biológica para esta associação, baseia-se no facto de os pacientes com
periodontite apresentarem níveis aumentados de marcadores inflamatórios, os
quais estão associados com a disfunção do endotélio e no desenvolvimento
das doenças cardiovasculares. Contudo, os mecanismos subjacentes a esses
efeitos ainda não estão totalmente esclarecidos.
Objetivos: Desta forma é objetivo deste trabalho esclarecer quais os
mecanismos biológicos e moleculares envolvidos e também avaliar se as
proteínas salivares poderão ou não constituir potenciais biomarcadores
diferenciadores das duas condições, bem como da associação entre a
periodontite crónica e as doenças cardiovasculares.
Material e métodos: Para cumprir estes objetivos, foi feita uma
pesquisa bibliográfica com recurso à ferramenta de pesquisa do portal
PubMed, usando as palavras-chave, “cardiovascular diseases”, “chronic
periodontitis”, “biomarkers”, “proteomics”, “salivar diagnosis”. Posteriormente,
foi efetuada a anotação manual da informação relativa aos proteomas de
ambas as patologias, com consequente criação de uma base de dados que
permitiu atualizar o OralCard. Por último, para ser feito um enriquecimento dos
mecanismos envolvidos nas patologias, procedeu-se à ferramenta
bioinformática PANTHER.
Resultados: A caracterização funcional do OralOma das patologias em
estudo permitiu identificar alterações em determinados processos biológicos e
funções moleculares. A pesquisa e anotação do proteoma das doenças
cardiovasculares, possibilitou adicionar 25 proteínas à base de dados OralCard, permitindo pela primeira vez compilar informação relativamente às
doenças cardiovasculares nesta base de dados.
Este trabalho permitiu demonstrar que existem diferenças em
relação ao tipo e quantificação das proteínas salivares comuns em ambas as
patologias. Este conhecimento permitirá aos investigadores nesta área
efetuarem estudos no sentido de identificarem biomarcadores diferenciadores
das duas condições, bem como da sua associação.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and the atherosclerosis is the most common cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown a relationship between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. The biological plausibility for this association is based on the fact that the patients with periodontitis presenting increased levels of inflammation markers which are associated with the dysfunction of endothelium and the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood. Objectives: In this way, the aim of this work is clarify the biological and molecular mechanisms involved and to evaluate whether the salivary proteins may or may not be potential biomarkers differentiating the two conditions, as well as the association between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Methods: To achieve these objectives, was made a literature search using the PubMed portal search tool, using the keywords, "cardiovascular diseases", "chronic periodontitis", "biomarkers", "proteomics", "salivary diagnosis". Subsequently, it was performed the manual annotation information concerning proteome of both diseases, with consequent creation of a database which enable update the OralCard. Finally, to be made an enrichment of the mechanisms involved in pathologies, we used the PANTHER bioinformatics tool. Results: The functional characterization of OralOme of diseases under study enabled the identification of changes in certain biological processes and molecular functions. The establishment of cardiovascular diseases proteoma allowed the addition of 25 new proteins to the OralCard data base. With this, it was possible, for the first time, to compile the information about cardiovascular diseases to this database. This research showed the existence of differences between the salivary protein quantification of the proteins common to both diseases. This knowledge will allow researchers to endorse studies on this area in order to identify differentiating biomarkers between these two conditions, as well as their association.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and the atherosclerosis is the most common cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown a relationship between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. The biological plausibility for this association is based on the fact that the patients with periodontitis presenting increased levels of inflammation markers which are associated with the dysfunction of endothelium and the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood. Objectives: In this way, the aim of this work is clarify the biological and molecular mechanisms involved and to evaluate whether the salivary proteins may or may not be potential biomarkers differentiating the two conditions, as well as the association between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Methods: To achieve these objectives, was made a literature search using the PubMed portal search tool, using the keywords, "cardiovascular diseases", "chronic periodontitis", "biomarkers", "proteomics", "salivary diagnosis". Subsequently, it was performed the manual annotation information concerning proteome of both diseases, with consequent creation of a database which enable update the OralCard. Finally, to be made an enrichment of the mechanisms involved in pathologies, we used the PANTHER bioinformatics tool. Results: The functional characterization of OralOme of diseases under study enabled the identification of changes in certain biological processes and molecular functions. The establishment of cardiovascular diseases proteoma allowed the addition of 25 new proteins to the OralCard data base. With this, it was possible, for the first time, to compile the information about cardiovascular diseases to this database. This research showed the existence of differences between the salivary protein quantification of the proteins common to both diseases. This knowledge will allow researchers to endorse studies on this area in order to identify differentiating biomarkers between these two conditions, as well as their association.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Doenças cardiovasculares Periodontite crónica Biomarcadores Proteómica Diagnóstico salivar Cardiovascular diseases Chronic periodontitis Biomarkers Proteomics