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Avaliação da relação entre hábitos alimentares e o risco de cárie dentária : desenvolvimento e validação de um novo questionário
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Objetivo: Caracterizar os padrões alimentares de adultos atendidos na Clínica Dentária Universitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa e realizar uma avaliação psicométrica inicial de um questionário sobre hábitos alimentares associados ao risco de cárie dentária, para futura integração na anamnese médico-dentária. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo, realizado entre fevereiro e abril de 2026, com 93 adultos (≥18 anos), escolhidos por conveniência. Foi aplicado, por entrevista estruturada, um questionário com 14 perguntas, abrangendo quatro áreas: bebidas, doces/açucarados, hidratos de carbono fermentáveis/snacks retentivos e fatores protetores/preventivos. A consistência interna foi avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach global, por domínios e “alfa se item removido”, complementada por correlações de Spearman e agrupamento hierárquico. Resultados: Verificou-se exposição alimentar potencialmente cariogénica: 61% ingeriam bebidas açucaradas, 84% doces/açucarados e 69% snacks processados, sobretudo no lanche da tarde e da noite. Apenas 31% referiram escovar os dentes após cada refeição. O questionário apresentou alfa de Cronbach global de 0,802, com valores entre 0,789 e 0,806 na análise “alfa se item removido”. A consistência interna foi superior nos domínios “doces/açucarados” (α=0,688) e “hidratos de carbono fermentáveis e snacks retentivos” (α=0,646), face a “bebidas” (α=0,339) e “fatores protetores/preventivos” (α=0,342). Spearman e o agrupamento hierárquico corroboraram a estrutura teórica multidimensional. Conclusão: O questionário apresentou consistência interna global adequada e potencial clínico na avaliação alimentar do risco de cárie dentária. O próximo passo é realizar a validação preditiva em estudos longitudinais.
Objective: To characterize the dietary patterns of adults attending the University Dental Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa and to perform an initial psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire on dietary habits associated with the risk of dental caries, aiming at its future integration into the dental anamnesis. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between February and April 2026, including 93 adults (≥18 years) selected by convenience sampling. A 14-item questionnaire was administered through a structured interview, covering four areas: beverages, sweet/sugary foods, fermentable carbohydrates/retentive snacks, and protective/preventive factors. Internal consistency was assessed using global Cronbach’s alpha, alpha by domains and “alpha if item deleted”, complemented by Spearman correlations and hierarchical clustering. Results: A potentially cariogenic dietary exposure was observed: 61% consumed sugary beverages, 84% sweets/sugary foods and 69% processed snacks, mainly at afternoon and evening snacking. Only 31% reported brushing their teeth after each meal. The questionnaire presented a global Cronbach’s alpha of 0.802, with values ranging from 0.789 to 0.806 in the “alpha if item deleted” analysis. Internal consistency was higher in the “sweet/sugary foods” (α=0.688) and “fermentable carbohydrates and retentive snacks” (α=0.646) domains, compared with “beverages” (α=0.339) and “protective/preventive factors” (α=0.342). Spearman correlations and hierarchical clustering supported the theoretical multidimensional structure. Conclusion: The questionnaire showed adequate global internal consistency and clinical potential for dietary assessment of dental caries risk. The next step will be to perform predictive validation in longitudinal studies.
Objective: To characterize the dietary patterns of adults attending the University Dental Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa and to perform an initial psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire on dietary habits associated with the risk of dental caries, aiming at its future integration into the dental anamnesis. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between February and April 2026, including 93 adults (≥18 years) selected by convenience sampling. A 14-item questionnaire was administered through a structured interview, covering four areas: beverages, sweet/sugary foods, fermentable carbohydrates/retentive snacks, and protective/preventive factors. Internal consistency was assessed using global Cronbach’s alpha, alpha by domains and “alpha if item deleted”, complemented by Spearman correlations and hierarchical clustering. Results: A potentially cariogenic dietary exposure was observed: 61% consumed sugary beverages, 84% sweets/sugary foods and 69% processed snacks, mainly at afternoon and evening snacking. Only 31% reported brushing their teeth after each meal. The questionnaire presented a global Cronbach’s alpha of 0.802, with values ranging from 0.789 to 0.806 in the “alpha if item deleted” analysis. Internal consistency was higher in the “sweet/sugary foods” (α=0.688) and “fermentable carbohydrates and retentive snacks” (α=0.646) domains, compared with “beverages” (α=0.339) and “protective/preventive factors” (α=0.342). Spearman correlations and hierarchical clustering supported the theoretical multidimensional structure. Conclusion: The questionnaire showed adequate global internal consistency and clinical potential for dietary assessment of dental caries risk. The next step will be to perform predictive validation in longitudinal studies.
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Cárie dentária Comportamento alimentar Inquéritos e questionários Medição de risco Psicometria Dental caries Feeding behaviour Surveys and questionnaires Risk assessment Psychometrics
Contexto Educativo
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Sem licença CC