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Caraterização dos defeitos de desenvolvimento da região bucal e maxilofacial nos pacientes da Clínica Dentária Universitária
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Introdução: A formação da face e da cavidade oral é de natureza complexa e envolve a interação e o desenvolvimento coordenado de múltiplos processos teciduais que se devem unir e fusionar de modo muito ordenado. Distúrbios no crescimento destes processos teciduais ou nas suas fusões podem resultar na formação de inúmeros defeitos de desenvolvimento da região bucal e maxilofacial. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e caraterizar os defeitos de desenvolvimento da região bucal e maxilofacial em pacientes da Clínica Dentária Universitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, em Viseu. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal. A recolha de dados incluiu um questionário sobre variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde oral e sistémica, bem como um exame clínico intra e extra-oral completo, complementado por registos fotográficos. A análise estatística, realizada com o software SPSS (versão 26.0), recorreu a métodos descritivos e inferenciais, com um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Participaram no estudo 170 pacientes adultos. Destes, 62,3% apresentaram algum tipo de defeito de desenvolvimento. Os mais prevalentes foram os grânulos de Fordyce (43,4%) e a língua fissurada (34,9%), seguidos da anquiloglossia e do tórus mandibular (6,3% cada). Observou-se uma incidência ligeiramente superior dos defeitos de desenvolvimento no sexo feminino e nas faixas etárias mais avançadas, embora sem significância estatística, com exceção do tórus mandibular, mais comum em pacientes jovens. Fatores como<br/>hábitos tabágicos, consumo de álcool e práticas inadequadas de higiene oral mostraram-se relevantes na amostra em estudo. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o reconhecimento destas variações anatómicas é essencial para evitar diagnósticos incorretos e tratamentos desnecessários, <br/>reforçando a importância de um exame clínico minucioso da mucosa oral. Apesar das limitações da dimensão amostral, o estudo contribui para o conhecimento epidemiológico sobre os defeitos de desenvolvimento, destacando a necessidade de maior consciencialização e investigação nesta área no contexto da saúde pública.
Introduction: The formation of the face and oral cavity is complex in nature and involves the interaction and coordinated development of multiple tissue processes that must grow together and fuse in a highly orderly manner. Disturbances in the growth or fusion of these tissue processes may result in numerous developmental defects of the oral and maxillofacial region. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characterize developmental defects of the oral and maxillofacial region in patients attending the University Dental Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, in Viseu. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. Data collection included a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic, oral, and systemic health variables, as well as a complete intraoral and extraoral clinical examination, supplemented by photographic records. Statistical analysis, performed using SPSS software (version 26.0), employed descriptive and inferential methods, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 170 adult patients participated in the study. Of these, 62,3% presented at least one type of developmental defect. The most prevalent were Fordyce granules (43,4%) and fissured tongue (34,9%), followed by ankyloglossia and mandibular torus (6,3% each). A slightly higher incidence of developmental defects was observed in females and in older age groups, although without statistical significance, except for mandibular torus, which was more common in younger patients. Factors such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and inadequate oral hygiene practices proved relevant within the study sample. Conclusion: It was concluded that recognizing these anatomical variations is essential to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments, reinforcing the importance of a thorough clinical examination of the oral mucosa. Despite limitations related to sample size, the study contributes to epidemiological knowledge on developmental defects, highlighting the need for greater awareness and further research in this area within the context of public health.
Introduction: The formation of the face and oral cavity is complex in nature and involves the interaction and coordinated development of multiple tissue processes that must grow together and fuse in a highly orderly manner. Disturbances in the growth or fusion of these tissue processes may result in numerous developmental defects of the oral and maxillofacial region. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characterize developmental defects of the oral and maxillofacial region in patients attending the University Dental Clinic of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa, in Viseu. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. Data collection included a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic, oral, and systemic health variables, as well as a complete intraoral and extraoral clinical examination, supplemented by photographic records. Statistical analysis, performed using SPSS software (version 26.0), employed descriptive and inferential methods, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 170 adult patients participated in the study. Of these, 62,3% presented at least one type of developmental defect. The most prevalent were Fordyce granules (43,4%) and fissured tongue (34,9%), followed by ankyloglossia and mandibular torus (6,3% each). A slightly higher incidence of developmental defects was observed in females and in older age groups, although without statistical significance, except for mandibular torus, which was more common in younger patients. Factors such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and inadequate oral hygiene practices proved relevant within the study sample. Conclusion: It was concluded that recognizing these anatomical variations is essential to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments, reinforcing the importance of a thorough clinical examination of the oral mucosa. Despite limitations related to sample size, the study contributes to epidemiological knowledge on developmental defects, highlighting the need for greater awareness and further research in this area within the context of public health.
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Defeitos de desenvolvimento Mucosa oral Fatores de risco Prevalência Epidemiologia Developmental defects Oral mucosa Risk factors Prevalence Epidemiology
Contexto Educativo
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Sem licença CC