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Photodynamic inactivation of phage Phi6 as SARS-CoV-2 model in wastewater disinfection: effectivity and safety

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The past 2 years have been marked by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. This virus is found in the intestinal tract and reaches the wastewater system, and, consequently, the natural receiving water bodies, and inappropriate or/and inefficient WW treatment is a means of contamination. In the present work, we used a SARS-CoV-2 model—the phage Phi6—to evaluate its survival under different environmental conditions (pH, temperature, salinity, solar, and UV-B irradiation). Then, we tested the efficiency of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) as a WW disinfection alternative method, and, additionally, the impact on the cultivable native marine microorganisms of the PDI-treated WW was evaluated.

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Photodynamic inactivation Environmental factors Porphyrins Wastewater SARS-CoV-2 model Phage Phi6 Coronavirus Viruses

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