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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O ano de 2020 marcou o início de um período atípico para a humanidade. Uma doença
extremamente infecciosa e agressiva atingiu o mundo inteiro, causando um caos extremo que
levou muitos dos países a fecharem suas fronteiras. Foi impossível para qualquer país se
preparar para o que estava por vir. A COVID-19 atacou sem anunciar sua chegada e causou
um efeito devastador nos mais variados setores da economia. Este trabalho foca no setor do
turismo, um dos setores mais afetados pela COVID-19, uma vez que essa forçou restrições à
mobilidade, numa escala sem precedentes. Embora essa dissertação privilegie o caso
específico de Portugal, um país que depende muito do turismo para o crescimento económico
e um maior equilíbrio da sua balança de pagamentos, o trabalho analisa também o que se
passou noutros países e em crises anteriores, de forma a dar um contexto adequado aos nossos
resultados.
Esse trabalho é organizado da seguinte maneira. Primeiro, serão apresentadas informações
sobre a COVID-19 e sobre o turismo português. Feito este enquadramento, a dissertação
analisa o impacto da COVID-19 no turismo português durante 2020, formula comparações
com outros países europeus e não-europeus, analisa o efeito global da COVID-19 face a
outros choques vivenciados no passado (sanitários e outros) e, por fim, apresenta um teste
prático, que avalia a atividade turística em três regiões de relevância para o estudo: Alentejo,
Lisboa e Algarve. As conclusões sobre o impacto negativo global da COVID-19 no turismo
são inequívocas, mas está ainda por conhecer a dimensão total desse impacto e a influência
que terá sobre o futuro do setor turístico, tão vulnerável a crises sanitárias e, ao mesmo tempo,
tão crucial na sua propagação.
The year of 2020 marked the beginning of an atypical period for humanity. An extremely infectious and aggressive disease has hit the entire world, causing extreme chaos that has forced many of the countries to close their borders. It was impossible for any country to prepare for what was to come. COVID-19 attacked without announcing its arrival and had a devastating effect on the most varied sectors of the economy. This paper focuses on the tourism sector, one of the sectors most affected by COVID-19, as it has forced restrictions on mobility on an unprecedented scale. Although this dissertation favors the specific case of Portugal, a country that depends heavily on tourism for economic growth and the improvement of its current account, the work also analyzes what happened in other countries and in previous crises, in order to provide an adequate context for our results. This work is organized as follows. First, information will be presented on COVID-19 and on Portuguese tourism. With this framework in place, the dissertation analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on Portuguese tourism during 2020, makes comparisons with other European and non-European countries, analyzes the global effect of COVID-19 against other shocks experienced in the past (sanitary and others) and, finally, it presents a practical test, which assesses the tourist activity in three regions of relevance to the study: Alentejo, Lisbon and Algarve. The conclusions about COVID-19's overall negative impact on tourism are unequivocal, but the full scale of this impact and the influence it will have on the future of the tourism sector, so vulnerable to health crises and, at the same time, so crucial in its propagation, remains to be seen.
The year of 2020 marked the beginning of an atypical period for humanity. An extremely infectious and aggressive disease has hit the entire world, causing extreme chaos that has forced many of the countries to close their borders. It was impossible for any country to prepare for what was to come. COVID-19 attacked without announcing its arrival and had a devastating effect on the most varied sectors of the economy. This paper focuses on the tourism sector, one of the sectors most affected by COVID-19, as it has forced restrictions on mobility on an unprecedented scale. Although this dissertation favors the specific case of Portugal, a country that depends heavily on tourism for economic growth and the improvement of its current account, the work also analyzes what happened in other countries and in previous crises, in order to provide an adequate context for our results. This work is organized as follows. First, information will be presented on COVID-19 and on Portuguese tourism. With this framework in place, the dissertation analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on Portuguese tourism during 2020, makes comparisons with other European and non-European countries, analyzes the global effect of COVID-19 against other shocks experienced in the past (sanitary and others) and, finally, it presents a practical test, which assesses the tourist activity in three regions of relevance to the study: Alentejo, Lisbon and Algarve. The conclusions about COVID-19's overall negative impact on tourism are unequivocal, but the full scale of this impact and the influence it will have on the future of the tourism sector, so vulnerable to health crises and, at the same time, so crucial in its propagation, remains to be seen.
Description
Keywords
COVID-19 Turismo Portugal Pandemia Mobilidade Crise Tourism Pandemic Mobility Crisis