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Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde a população mundial está progressivamente mais envelhecida, sendo por isso, o processo de envelhecimento um novo desafio para a saúde pública contemporânea. Nesta faixa etária, as patologias orais mais frequentes são a cárie dentária e a doença periodontal que provocam perda dentária. Todas elas podem ser prevenidas ou tratadas através de consultas regulares ao Médico Dentista e tendo uma boa saúde oral. Em idosos dependentes, a higiene oral é da competência dos cuidadores, sendo necessário que estes possuam conhecimentos sobre as alterações orais que ocorrem, os fatores que predispoem as mudanças patológicas, bem como os cuidados de higiene oral adequados a estes pacientes.
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os conhecimentos sobre saúde oral dos cuidadores, enfermeiros e auxiliares de ação médica, de idosos institucionalizados dependentes.
MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico observacional transversal, com uma amostra de 52 cuidadores e 43 idosos de três lares do Distrito de Viseu. A recolha de dados foi realizada através da aplicação de dois questionários: um auto-aplicado aos cuidadores, outro aplicado pelo investigador aos idosos. A análise estatística foi efetuada através do programa estatístico IBM SPSS Statistics 23®.
RESULTADOS: A grande maioria dos cuidadores sabe o que é cárie dentária (32,6%) e placa bacteriana (83,3%). Cerca de 75,9% considera que se a gengiva sangra, deve haver um maior cuidado com a gengiva durante a escovagem. Relativamente aos idosos com poucos ou nenhuns dentes, higienizam a gengiva com compressa ou gaze (68,5%). Verificou-se que 92,6% fazem o descanso noturno da prótese- 38,9% realiza 1 vez por dia a higiene oral dos idosos dependentes, 51,9% utiliza escova e pasta dentífrica, 42,6% não utiliza nenhum complemento de higiene oral, 77,8% hidrata a cavidade oral uma vez por turno e 63% dos cuidadores refere não existirem protocolos de higiene oral nas suas instituições.
CONCLUSÃO: Os lares de idosos não apresentam protocolos específicos para a higiene oral, no entanto os cuidadores possuem alguns conhecimentos de saúde e higiene oral, mas que não são específicos para idosos dependentes.
INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization, the world population is progressively more aged, and the aging process is therefore a new challenge for contemporary public health. In this age group, the most frequent oral pathologies are dental caries and periodontal disease that lead to tooth loss. All of these can be prevented or treated through regular consultations with the Dentist and with good oral health. In elderly dependents, oral hygiene is the responsibility of caregivers, who need knowledge about the oral changes that occur, the factors that predispose the pathological changes, as well as oral hygiene care appropriate to these patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess the oral health knowledge of caregivers, nurses and medical assistants, of dependent institutionalized elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 52 caregivers and 43 elderly people from three households in the Viseu District. The data collection was performed through the application of two questionnaires: one self-administered to the caregivers, another applied by the researcher to the elderly. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 23®. RESULTS: The great majority of caregivers know what dental caries (32.6%) and bacterial plaques (83.3%) are. About 75.9% believe that if the gums bleed, more gum care should be taken during brushing. For the elderly with few or no teeth, they clean the gingiva with a compress or gauze (68.5%). It was verified that 92.6% do the nocturnal rest of the prosthesis -38.9% performed oral hygiene of the elderly dependents once a day, 51.9% used brush and toothpaste, 42.6% did not use any complement of oral hygiene, 77.8% hydrate the oral cavity once per shift and 63% of caregivers report that there are no oral hygiene protocols in their institutions. CONCLUSION: Nursing homes do not present specific protocols for oral hygiene; however, caregivers have some knowledge of oral health and hygiene, but are not specific for dependent elderly people
INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization, the world population is progressively more aged, and the aging process is therefore a new challenge for contemporary public health. In this age group, the most frequent oral pathologies are dental caries and periodontal disease that lead to tooth loss. All of these can be prevented or treated through regular consultations with the Dentist and with good oral health. In elderly dependents, oral hygiene is the responsibility of caregivers, who need knowledge about the oral changes that occur, the factors that predispose the pathological changes, as well as oral hygiene care appropriate to these patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess the oral health knowledge of caregivers, nurses and medical assistants, of dependent institutionalized elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 52 caregivers and 43 elderly people from three households in the Viseu District. The data collection was performed through the application of two questionnaires: one self-administered to the caregivers, another applied by the researcher to the elderly. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 23®. RESULTS: The great majority of caregivers know what dental caries (32.6%) and bacterial plaques (83.3%) are. About 75.9% believe that if the gums bleed, more gum care should be taken during brushing. For the elderly with few or no teeth, they clean the gingiva with a compress or gauze (68.5%). It was verified that 92.6% do the nocturnal rest of the prosthesis -38.9% performed oral hygiene of the elderly dependents once a day, 51.9% used brush and toothpaste, 42.6% did not use any complement of oral hygiene, 77.8% hydrate the oral cavity once per shift and 63% of caregivers report that there are no oral hygiene protocols in their institutions. CONCLUSION: Nursing homes do not present specific protocols for oral hygiene; however, caregivers have some knowledge of oral health and hygiene, but are not specific for dependent elderly people
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Keywords
Idosos dependentes Cuidadores Saúde oral Higiene oral Dependent elderly Caregivers Oral health Oral hygiene