Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O crescimento e desenvolvimento craniofacial é resultante da interacção de
mecanismos genéticos, hormonais e neurológicos, influenciados por factores locais, como os
hábitos orais. A oclusão normal, para além de depender de um adequado crescimento da face,
depende também da angulação e morfologia dos dentes, dos músculos da mastigação e dos
movimentos funcionais. A influência de factores locais pode originar deformações ósseas,
maloclusões e alteração de funções tais como a respiração, a mastigação, a deglutição, a
sucção e a dicção. Assim, torna-se importante a prevenção das potenciais alterações advindas
dos hábitos orais através do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento preventivo/interceptivo. O
objectivo principal do presente estudo consistiu em detectar a correlação entre os hábitos de
sucção e hábitos de interposição e maloclusões numa amostra de pacientes odontopediátricos,
no estádio de dentição decídua e mista.
Materiais e métodos: Para a realização deste estudo foi seleccionada uma amostra
populacional dos pacientes que compareceram às consultas de Odontopediatria da Clínica
Dentária da Universidade Católica de Viseu – Pólo de Viseu, entre 14 de Fevereiro e 21 de
Junho. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão seleccionou-se uma amostra de
68 pacientes. Para a recolha de dados foi desenvolvido um questionário que engloba
parâmetros tendentes a estabelecer uma correlação entre variáveis, não comparadas
previamente. Com este questionário pretendeu avaliar-se se o paciente foi amamentado e qual
a duração da amamentação, se foi alimentado por biberão, se tinha algum hábito de sucção e
qual a duração deste hábito, se tinha algum hábito de interposição (interposição lingual,
interposição labial e deglutição atípica), o tipo de respiração, a presença de amígdalas e
adenóides, o trespasse horizontal e o trespasse vertical, a existência de mordida aberta ou
cruzada, a classe de Angle Molar e Canina.
A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada utilizando o Teste Qui-Quadrado, o Coeficiente V
de Cramer e o Odds Ratio, recorrendo ao programa SPSS 17.0. Foram considerados
significativos os valores cujo nível de significância foi inferior a 5% (p <0,05).
Resultados e Conclusão: Verificou-se uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre as
variáveis deglutição atípica e trespasse vertical diminuído (p=0,008); amamentação e
respiração nasal (p=0,044); duração da amamentação e desenvolvimento de hábitos orais
(p=0,003); e respiração nasal e mordida cruzada (p=0,035).
Introduction: The craniofacial growth and development is a result of the interaction of genetic, hormonal and neurological mechanisms, influenced by local factors, such as oral habits. Normal occlusion depends on adequate growth of the face as well as teeth angulations and morphology, mastication muscles and functional movements. The influence of local factors can lead to bone deformities, malocclusion, and changes in functions such as breathing, chewing, swallowing, sucking and diction. Thus, it is relevant the prevention of correlated potential deformities by means of early diagnosis and preventive/interceptive treatment. The main aim of this study is the evaluation of a possible correlation between sucking habits and tongue thrusting and malocclusion on the stage of deciduous and mixed dentition. Materials and methods: For this study a sample was selected from the patients who attended to the Pediatric consults of Dental Clinic of Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Pólo de Viseu, between February 14 and June 21. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, was selected a 68 patients sample. For data collection was developed a questionnaire which includes parameters aimed to establish a correlation between variables, which comparison was not described. This questionnaire allowed to assess if patients were breast-fed and for how long, if children were bottle-fed, if had sucking habits and its duration, if they had labial or tongue thrust at rest or during swallow, the breathing pattern, the presence of tonsils and adenoids, overbite and overjet, the presence of openbite or crossbite, and the molar and canine Angle Class. The statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square Test, the Cramer’s V Coefficient and the Odds Ratio, using SPSS 17.0 program. Were considered significant the values which the significance level was less than 5% (p< 0,05). Results and Conclusion: There was a statistically significant correlation between tongue thrust during swallow and diminished overbite (p=0,008); breastfeeding and nasal breathing (p=0,044); breastfeeding duration and oral habits development (0,003); and nasal breathing and crossbite (p=0,035).
Introduction: The craniofacial growth and development is a result of the interaction of genetic, hormonal and neurological mechanisms, influenced by local factors, such as oral habits. Normal occlusion depends on adequate growth of the face as well as teeth angulations and morphology, mastication muscles and functional movements. The influence of local factors can lead to bone deformities, malocclusion, and changes in functions such as breathing, chewing, swallowing, sucking and diction. Thus, it is relevant the prevention of correlated potential deformities by means of early diagnosis and preventive/interceptive treatment. The main aim of this study is the evaluation of a possible correlation between sucking habits and tongue thrusting and malocclusion on the stage of deciduous and mixed dentition. Materials and methods: For this study a sample was selected from the patients who attended to the Pediatric consults of Dental Clinic of Universidade Católica Portuguesa – Pólo de Viseu, between February 14 and June 21. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, was selected a 68 patients sample. For data collection was developed a questionnaire which includes parameters aimed to establish a correlation between variables, which comparison was not described. This questionnaire allowed to assess if patients were breast-fed and for how long, if children were bottle-fed, if had sucking habits and its duration, if they had labial or tongue thrust at rest or during swallow, the breathing pattern, the presence of tonsils and adenoids, overbite and overjet, the presence of openbite or crossbite, and the molar and canine Angle Class. The statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square Test, the Cramer’s V Coefficient and the Odds Ratio, using SPSS 17.0 program. Were considered significant the values which the significance level was less than 5% (p< 0,05). Results and Conclusion: There was a statistically significant correlation between tongue thrust during swallow and diminished overbite (p=0,008); breastfeeding and nasal breathing (p=0,044); breastfeeding duration and oral habits development (0,003); and nasal breathing and crossbite (p=0,035).
Description
Keywords
Desenvolvimento e crescimento craniofacial Maloclusões Hábitos orais Amamentação e alimentação com biberão Craniofacial growth and development Malocclusion Oral habits Breast-feeding and bottle-feeding