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Abstract(s)
Introdução. A pessoa com Perturbação do Desenvolvimento Intelectual pode apresentar limitações de índole física, cognitiva, funcional e social, que lhe conferem uma vulnerabilidade mais complexa. Têm-se observado cada vez mais pessoas com estas características a revelaram necessidades paliativas associadas a doenças terminais. Os Cuidados Paliativos são por excelência cuidados que procuram colmatar estas necessidades e dar qualidade de vida e conforto às pessoas. A enfermagem é parte vital na prestação de cuidados de qualidade à pessoa com Perturbação do Desenvolvimento Intelectual e com necessidades paliativas. No entanto, não se conhecem com clareza quais as estratégias de intervenção de enfermagem específicas para esta população. Metodologia. Realizada uma scoping review com o objetivo de identificar as estratégias de intervenção existentes na prática dos cuidados paliativos de enfermagem para pessoas com perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual. Foram incluídos somente estudos originais que envolvessem as estratégias e práticas de enfermagem aplicadas a pessoas adultas com Perturbação do Desenvolvimento Intelectual e com necessidades de acompanhamento em Cuidados Paliativos, em qualquer contexto terapêutico onde tais cuidados são aplicados. Seguindo as recomendações da JBI, realizou pesquisa nas bases de dados CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science Core Collection e Scopus. Resultados. Foram incluídos sete artigos, todos eles com foco nos cuidados prestados à população descrita. As estratégias de intervenção de enfermagem identificadas foram agrupadas em quatro temas: Relação Terapêutica e Comunicação, a Prestação e Gestão de Cuidados, o Trabalho em Equipa e a Formação e Educação. Não obstante, a evidência mostrou-se pouco robusta em quantidade e qualidade. Conclusões. Os dados abrem o véu para a importância da presença da enfermagem junto desta população. Não obstante, é necessária mais evidência que confirme o impacto e relevância das estratégias de intervenção desta classe profissional, entre outros aspetos a necessitar de validação.
Introduction. People with intellectual disabilities may show physical, cognitive, functional and social limitations, giving them a more complex vulnerability. Increasingly more people with these characteristics have been noticed with palliative needs associated with terminal illnesses. Palliative Care searches for delivering quality care that meet these needs and provide people with quality of life and comfort. Nursing has a key role in providing quality care to people with intellectual disabilities and palliative needs. However, the specific nursing intervention strategies for this population are not clearly known. Methods. A scoping review was carried out, aiming to identify existing intervention strategies in the practice of palliative nursing care for people with intellectual disabilities. Only original studies were included and had to involve nursing strategies and practices applied to adults with intellectual disability and in need for care from Palliative Care, in any therapeutic context where such care is exercised. Following JBI recommendations, research was carried out in the CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. Results. Included seven studies, all of them focusing on the care given to the population described. The nursing intervention strategies identified were grouped into four themes: Therapeutic Relationship and Communication, Care Delivery and Management, Teamwork and Training and Education. Nevertheless, the evidence was not robust in quantity nor in quality. Conclusions. The data lifts the veil on the importance of the presence of nursing among this population. However, more evidence is needed to confirm the impact and relevance of nursing strategies, among other aspects that require validation.
Introduction. People with intellectual disabilities may show physical, cognitive, functional and social limitations, giving them a more complex vulnerability. Increasingly more people with these characteristics have been noticed with palliative needs associated with terminal illnesses. Palliative Care searches for delivering quality care that meet these needs and provide people with quality of life and comfort. Nursing has a key role in providing quality care to people with intellectual disabilities and palliative needs. However, the specific nursing intervention strategies for this population are not clearly known. Methods. A scoping review was carried out, aiming to identify existing intervention strategies in the practice of palliative nursing care for people with intellectual disabilities. Only original studies were included and had to involve nursing strategies and practices applied to adults with intellectual disability and in need for care from Palliative Care, in any therapeutic context where such care is exercised. Following JBI recommendations, research was carried out in the CINAHL, Pubmed, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. Results. Included seven studies, all of them focusing on the care given to the population described. The nursing intervention strategies identified were grouped into four themes: Therapeutic Relationship and Communication, Care Delivery and Management, Teamwork and Training and Education. Nevertheless, the evidence was not robust in quantity nor in quality. Conclusions. The data lifts the veil on the importance of the presence of nursing among this population. However, more evidence is needed to confirm the impact and relevance of nursing strategies, among other aspects that require validation.
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Keywords
Deficiência intelectual Pessoas com deficiência mental Enfermagem de cuidados paliativos Cuidados paliativos Prática clínica baseada em evidências Intellectual disability Persons with mental disabilities Hospice and palliative care nursing Palliative care Evidence-based practice