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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Existem vários tipos de resposta possível num diálogo de ajuda. O
empático, enquanto competência, operacionaliza a relação de ajuda. Este estudo teve
como objetivos identificar o tipo de resposta espontânea preferencialmente dado pelos
enfermeiros no cuidar em fim de vida e analisar a sua relação com variáveis
demográficas, inerentes à experiência, formação e ao contexto laboral.
Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo-correlacional, com recurso a um
questionário a 242 enfermeiros dos distritos de Leiria, Lisboa e Santarém que exerciam
funções no cuidar em fim de vida de adultos e idosos. Efetuou-se análise estatística para
intervalos de confiança de 95%.
Resultados: Das 2420 oportunidades de resposta, a maioria, 825, foram empáticas.
Obtiveram-se diferenças com significado estatístico entre os diversos tipos de resposta e
o serviço, formação e tipo, e estágio em Cuidados Paliativos. Obtiveram-se algumas
correlações significativas na relação com o tempo de experiência profissional e número
de horas de estágio na área.
A resposta empática manteve-se em maior média nos diversos “grupos” dos
enfermeiros.
Discussão: Literatura inerente às atitudes perante a morte corrobora os resultados.
A dominância de respostas empáticas não seria expetável pois a literatura refere-se à
dificuldade dos enfermeiros em concretizar uma comunicação efetivamente terapêutica.
Conclusões: Respostas do tipo empático, seguido do tipo de investigação, são as
mais utilizadas pelos enfermeiros perante situações de diálogo em fim de vida.
Apesar de algumas variáveis relacionarem-se significativamente com determinados
tipos de resposta, todas demonstraram ser insuficientes para ocasionar a escolha de
determinado tipo de resposta em detrimento de outro sendo o tipo empático dominante
em todos os “grupos” de enfermeiros.
A prática em cuidados paliativos adquirida através do contexto de trabalho, estágios
ou formações a nível especializado, é o principal fator que parece influenciar na adoção
de uma atitude empática.
Introduction: There are several types of response in a help profissional dialog. The empathic, while competence, operationalizes counselling. This study aimed to identify the type of spontaneous response preferentially given by nurses in end-of-life care and analyze its relationship with demographic variables and inherent to the experience, education and employment context. Material and methods: Study descriptive-correlational study, using a questionnaire with 242 nurses in the districts of Leiria, Santarém and Lisbon which had functions in end-of-life care for adults and elderlys. Statistical analysis was performed for intervals trust of 95%. Results: From the 2420 opportunities of response, the majority, 825, were empathetic.. It was obtained differences with statistically significant between the various types of response and the local of work, education and its type, and training in palliative care. There were obtained some significant correlations in relation to the length of professional experience and number of hours of training in the area. The empathic response remained at higher average in the various "groups" of nurses. Discussion: Literature inherent to the attitudes towards death corroborates the results. The dominance of empathic responses at all "groups" of nurses was not expected since literature refers to the difficulty of nurses in implement an effectively therapeutic communication. Conclusions: Empathic response type, followed by the type of investigation, is the most used by nurses in situations of dialogue at end of life. Despite some variables relate significantly with certain kinds of response, all of them have shown being not sufficient to lead the choice of a particular type of response over another being the empathic the dominant type at all "groups" of nurses. The practice in palliative care acquired either through own work context, whether through internships, or in specialized courses where training communication is considered, is the main factor that seems to influence the adoption of an empathic attitude.
Introduction: There are several types of response in a help profissional dialog. The empathic, while competence, operationalizes counselling. This study aimed to identify the type of spontaneous response preferentially given by nurses in end-of-life care and analyze its relationship with demographic variables and inherent to the experience, education and employment context. Material and methods: Study descriptive-correlational study, using a questionnaire with 242 nurses in the districts of Leiria, Santarém and Lisbon which had functions in end-of-life care for adults and elderlys. Statistical analysis was performed for intervals trust of 95%. Results: From the 2420 opportunities of response, the majority, 825, were empathetic.. It was obtained differences with statistically significant between the various types of response and the local of work, education and its type, and training in palliative care. There were obtained some significant correlations in relation to the length of professional experience and number of hours of training in the area. The empathic response remained at higher average in the various "groups" of nurses. Discussion: Literature inherent to the attitudes towards death corroborates the results. The dominance of empathic responses at all "groups" of nurses was not expected since literature refers to the difficulty of nurses in implement an effectively therapeutic communication. Conclusions: Empathic response type, followed by the type of investigation, is the most used by nurses in situations of dialogue at end of life. Despite some variables relate significantly with certain kinds of response, all of them have shown being not sufficient to lead the choice of a particular type of response over another being the empathic the dominant type at all "groups" of nurses. The practice in palliative care acquired either through own work context, whether through internships, or in specialized courses where training communication is considered, is the main factor that seems to influence the adoption of an empathic attitude.
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Keywords
Resposta empática Enfermeiros Fim-de vida Relação de ajuda Empathic response Nurses Communication strategies End-of-life Counselling Estratégias de comunicação