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Quando a invenção se torna o inventor: a patenteabilidade de invenções geradas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial
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Resumo(s)
Este estudo procura aferir a patenteabilidade de invenções geradas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial (IA) com capacidade inventiva. Em primeiro lugar, explora-se o conceito de patente e respetivos requisitos, seguindo-se uma análise comparativa entre os direitos morais no direito de patentes e no direito de autor, e uma distinção entre tipos de invenções obtidas com recurso a sistemas de IA. Posteriormente, analisam-se as normas jurídicas alusivas ao conceito de inventor, com apoio na jurisprudência do caso DABUS, concluindo pela existência de três vias de resposta à admissibilidade da patenteabilidade destas invenções. Por fim, é feita uma reflexão sobre as inerentes consequências sociais e tecnológicas.
The object of the present study is to assess the patentability or unpatentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems with inventive capacity. Firstly, a brief explanation of the concept of patent and the requirements of patentability will be given. Secondly, a comparative analysis will be made between patent law and copyright law in which the differentiating elements that allow sustaining that authorship must be human will be determined, elements that are not present with the same intensity in patent law regarding the concept of inventor. Thirdly, three different concepts will be defined and explored: inventions assisted by Artificial Intelligence systems, inventions implemented by Artificial Intelligence systems and inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems. Subsequently, it will be relevant to determine and analyze the legal rules alluding to the concept of inventor within the scope of patent law, to ascertain which entities may be included in the aforementioned concept of inventor, with support from the study of the case law related to the DABUS case. At this stage, a comparison will be made between some legal systems inside and outside the European Union, as well as the European Patent Convention, to learn the existing paradigm. Finally, assuming the patentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to address the current legal system and answer the question of who is the natural person designated as the inventor. In light of the hypothesis that the concept of inventor includes Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of devising an alternative way to grant the ownership of the right to a person and analyze the current adequacy of the requirements of patentability. On the contrary, assuming the non-patentability of these inventions, the social and technological consequences will be analyzed.
The object of the present study is to assess the patentability or unpatentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems with inventive capacity. Firstly, a brief explanation of the concept of patent and the requirements of patentability will be given. Secondly, a comparative analysis will be made between patent law and copyright law in which the differentiating elements that allow sustaining that authorship must be human will be determined, elements that are not present with the same intensity in patent law regarding the concept of inventor. Thirdly, three different concepts will be defined and explored: inventions assisted by Artificial Intelligence systems, inventions implemented by Artificial Intelligence systems and inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems. Subsequently, it will be relevant to determine and analyze the legal rules alluding to the concept of inventor within the scope of patent law, to ascertain which entities may be included in the aforementioned concept of inventor, with support from the study of the case law related to the DABUS case. At this stage, a comparison will be made between some legal systems inside and outside the European Union, as well as the European Patent Convention, to learn the existing paradigm. Finally, assuming the patentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to address the current legal system and answer the question of who is the natural person designated as the inventor. In light of the hypothesis that the concept of inventor includes Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of devising an alternative way to grant the ownership of the right to a person and analyze the current adequacy of the requirements of patentability. On the contrary, assuming the non-patentability of these inventions, the social and technological consequences will be analyzed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Capacidade inventiva DABUS Direito de patentes Invenções Inventor Patenteável Sistemas de Inteligência Artificial
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Lampreia, I. M. (2024). Quando a invenção se torna o inventor: a patenteabilidade de invenções geradas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial. (Biblioteca de Investigação). UCP Editora. https://doi.org/10.34632/9789725410387
Editora
UCP Editora