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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação investiga as perceções dos diretores técnicos de Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas (ERPI) no distrito de Braga sobre a deglutição e a gestão da disfagia em idosos institucionalizados. A relevância do tema está associada à elevada prevalência da disfagia nesta população e aos potenciais impactos na saúde, como a desnutrição e a pneumonia por aspiração. O objetivo geral foi analisar as perceções dos diretores técnicos sobre a deglutição, explorando o conhecimento acerca da disfagia, as práticas adotadas para a sua gestão e os desafios enfrentados. A investigação seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa, recorrendo a entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas junto de 27 diretores técnicos de ERPI, representando todos os 14 concelhos do distrito de Braga. A recolha de dados foi complementada pela análise de coocorrências e coeficientes de força, com auxílio do “software” ATLAS.ti. Os resultados indicam que, embora a importância da deglutição e os riscos associados à disfagia sejam reconhecidos, persistem lacunas no conhecimento técnico específico, necessário para uma gestão mais eficaz da condição. Os diretores técnicos relatam dificuldades na implementação de protocolos padronizados e na contratação de profissionais habilitados para a formação de equipas multidisciplinares. As implicações deste estudo apontam para a necessidade de formação contínua nas ERPI e a criação de políticas públicas que garantam a disponibilização de recursos especializados. Conclui-se que, embora os diretores técnicos reconheçam a importância da deglutição correta, as limitações enfrentadas comprometem a implementação de práticas preventivas e de reabilitação adequadas.
This dissertation investigates the perceptions of technical directors of Residential Structures for the Elderly (ERPI) in the district of Braga regarding swallowing and the management of dysphagia in institutionalized elderly individuals. The relevance of the topic is linked to the high prevalence of dysphagia within this population and its potential health impacts, such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. The general objective was to analyse the perceptions of the technical directors concerning swallowing, exploring their knowledge of dysphagia, the practices adopted for its management, and the challenges faced. The research followed a qualitative approach, employing semi-structured interviews conducted with 27 technical directors of ERPI, representing all 14 municipalities in the district of Braga. Data collection was supplemented by an analysis of co-occurrences and strength coefficients, aided by ATLAS.ti software. The results indicate that, although the importance of swallowing and the risks associated with dysphagia are recognized, there are still gaps in the specific technical knowledge necessary for more effective management of the condition. The technical directors report difficulties in implementing standardized protocols and in hiring qualified professionals for the formation of multidisciplinary teams. The implications of this study highlight the need for continuous training within ERPI and the creation of public policies that ensure the availability of specialized resources. It is concluded that, although the technical directors recognize the importance of proper swallowing, the limitations they face compromise the implementation of adequate preventive and rehabilitative practices.
This dissertation investigates the perceptions of technical directors of Residential Structures for the Elderly (ERPI) in the district of Braga regarding swallowing and the management of dysphagia in institutionalized elderly individuals. The relevance of the topic is linked to the high prevalence of dysphagia within this population and its potential health impacts, such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia. The general objective was to analyse the perceptions of the technical directors concerning swallowing, exploring their knowledge of dysphagia, the practices adopted for its management, and the challenges faced. The research followed a qualitative approach, employing semi-structured interviews conducted with 27 technical directors of ERPI, representing all 14 municipalities in the district of Braga. Data collection was supplemented by an analysis of co-occurrences and strength coefficients, aided by ATLAS.ti software. The results indicate that, although the importance of swallowing and the risks associated with dysphagia are recognized, there are still gaps in the specific technical knowledge necessary for more effective management of the condition. The technical directors report difficulties in implementing standardized protocols and in hiring qualified professionals for the formation of multidisciplinary teams. The implications of this study highlight the need for continuous training within ERPI and the creation of public policies that ensure the availability of specialized resources. It is concluded that, although the technical directors recognize the importance of proper swallowing, the limitations they face compromise the implementation of adequate preventive and rehabilitative practices.
Description
Keywords
ERPI Deglutição Disfagia Idosos Elderly Swallowing Dysphagia