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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, os hidrogéis têm sido utilizados em inúmeras áreas com aplicações na Engenharia de Tecidos, bem como noutras vertentes, nomeadamente, farmacêutica e cosmética. O presente relatório de estágio foi desenvolvido no âmbito da unidade curricular de Estágio do Mestrado em Engenharia Biomédica, na Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa em parceria com a empresa Amyris. O objetivo fundamental deste estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um hidrogel facial biodegradável e funcional, com base celulósica e com incorporação de agentes bioativos. Assim, começou por se efetuar uma revisão da literatura dos aspetos teóricos sobre os hidrogéis, focando na sua aplicação na área cosmética. O trabalho resume-se ao desenvolvimento de três formulações principais à base de celulose. A essa base celulósica foram adicionados outros ingredientes como agentes de emulsificação e permeação, entre outros. Posteriormente, os ingredientes e métodos utilizados para o desenvolvimento das formulações foram descritos detalhadamente, incluindo todos os parâmetros utilizados no desenvolvimento dos produtos, bem como as principais metodologias utilizadas para análise e caracterização dos hidrogéis obtidos (por exemplo, ensaios de adesividade, dureza e swelling). Para além disto, foi realizada uma avaliação do custo associado à produção dos hidrogéis, bem como uma análise da sustentabilidade do produto, utilizando-se métricas verdes, como o fator ambiental (E-fator) e a intensidade de massa do produto (PMI), cujos valores foram comparados com os reportados na literatura. Todos os resultados dos ensaios realizados para a avaliação dos hidrogéis foram comparados com produtos comerciais utilizados como controlo. Os resultados mostraram que os hidrogéis contendo como matrizes base a carboximetilcelulose ou a mistura de celulose com amido apresentaram propriedades de adesividade e dureza muito promissoras. Por último, foi realizada uma análise geral de todos os resultados obtidos, com ênfase para as perspetivas futuras e discussão de possíveis melhorias em termos de design e performance do produto, com o objetivo final de se alcançar um hidrogel funcional com as características desejadas e potencial comercial.
Currently, hydrogels have been used in numerous areas, with applications in Tissue Engineering, as well as in other areas, namely pharmaceutical and cosmetics. This internship report was developed in the scope of the Curricular Unit of Internship of the Master’s Degree in Biomedical Engineering, at the College of Biotechnology of the Portuguese Catholic University in partnership with the company Amyris. The main objective of this study was the development of a biodegradable and functional cellulose-based facial patch with the incorporation of bioactive agents. Thus, initially, a literature review was carried out on the theoretical aspects of hydrogels, focusing on their applications in the cosmetic area. The work consisted in the development of three main formulations based on cellulose. To the cellulosebased formulation, other ingredients were added, as some emulsification and permeation agents, among others. Subsequently, the ingredients and methods used for the formulation’s development were described in detail, including the parameters used in the development of the product, as well as the main methodologies used for the analysis and characterization of the obtained hydrogels (e.g., adhesiveness, hardness and swelling). In addition, an evaluation of the cost associated with the production of the hydrogels was performed, as well as an analysis of the product sustainability, using green metrics as Environmental factor (E-factor) and Product Mass Intensity (PMI), whose values were confronted with theoretical results. All the results of the tests performed were compared with commercial products used as control. The results showed that the hydrogels containing carboxymethylcellulose or a mixture of cellulose with starch, as based matrices showed very promising adhesiveness and hardness properties. Finally, a general analysis of all the results obtained was performed, with emphasis on future perspectives and discussion of possible improvements in terms of product design and performance, aiming to achieve a functional hydrogel with the desired characteristics and commercial potential.
Currently, hydrogels have been used in numerous areas, with applications in Tissue Engineering, as well as in other areas, namely pharmaceutical and cosmetics. This internship report was developed in the scope of the Curricular Unit of Internship of the Master’s Degree in Biomedical Engineering, at the College of Biotechnology of the Portuguese Catholic University in partnership with the company Amyris. The main objective of this study was the development of a biodegradable and functional cellulose-based facial patch with the incorporation of bioactive agents. Thus, initially, a literature review was carried out on the theoretical aspects of hydrogels, focusing on their applications in the cosmetic area. The work consisted in the development of three main formulations based on cellulose. To the cellulosebased formulation, other ingredients were added, as some emulsification and permeation agents, among others. Subsequently, the ingredients and methods used for the formulation’s development were described in detail, including the parameters used in the development of the product, as well as the main methodologies used for the analysis and characterization of the obtained hydrogels (e.g., adhesiveness, hardness and swelling). In addition, an evaluation of the cost associated with the production of the hydrogels was performed, as well as an analysis of the product sustainability, using green metrics as Environmental factor (E-factor) and Product Mass Intensity (PMI), whose values were confronted with theoretical results. All the results of the tests performed were compared with commercial products used as control. The results showed that the hydrogels containing carboxymethylcellulose or a mixture of cellulose with starch, as based matrices showed very promising adhesiveness and hardness properties. Finally, a general analysis of all the results obtained was performed, with emphasis on future perspectives and discussion of possible improvements in terms of product design and performance, aiming to achieve a functional hydrogel with the desired characteristics and commercial potential.
Description
Keywords
Hidrogel Cosmética Celulose Niacinamida Análise de sustentabilidade Hydrogel Cosmetics Cellulose Niacinamide Sustainability Analysis