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The effectiveness of the gut microbiota modulation on ADHD in adults: a systematic review

2025-12-01Review article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorGomes, Andreia
dc.contributor.authorSiopa, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorPestana, Pedro Câmara
dc.contributor.authorNovais, Filipa
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-13T15:39:31Z
dc.date.available2025-08-13T15:39:31Z
dc.date.issued2025-12-01
dc.description.abstractPurpose of Review: To critically assess the effectiveness of gut microbiota modulation (GMM) as a complementary approach for managing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, with searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE/Ovid, and APA PsycInfo. Results: Among 3,591 identified studies, only three randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. One study reported improvements in inattention, while another found benefits in hyperactivity. Additionally, synbiotics and probiotics showed positive effects on emotional dysregulation, inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms, reinforcing the link between gut microbiota and ADHD. However, the evidence remains inconsistent, and the studies are heterogeneous in methodology and outcomes. Summary: This review highlights the potential of GMM, particularly to enhance the management of refractory ADHD or for patients who experience significant side effects from conventional treatments. However, due to the very limited evidence, further high-quality, standardized trials are needed to determine its effectiveness, identify optimal bacterial strains and dosages, and develop more personalized treatment approaches, for better patient outcomes and functioning.eng
dc.identifier.citationGomes, A., Siopa, C., Pestana, P. C., & Novais, F. (2025). The effectiveness of the gut microbiota modulation on ADHD in adults: a systematic review. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, 12(1), Article 20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40501-025-00358-9
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s40501-025-00358-9
dc.identifier.eid105005422255
dc.identifier.issn2196-3061
dc.identifier.other19c4f598-6a1e-4eb2-90ea-138504419d04
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/54563
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectADHD
dc.subjectAdults
dc.subjectEfficacy assessment
dc.subjectGut microbiota modulation
dc.subjectProbiotics
dc.subjectSynbiotics
dc.titleThe effectiveness of the gut microbiota modulation on ADHD in adults: a systematic revieweng
dc.typereview article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.titleCurrent Treatment Options in Psychiatry
oaire.citation.volume12
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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